1514 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OP PRACTICAL 'HORTICULTURE 



tree become diseased we shave off the 

 outer layers of affected hark, leaving all 

 the healthy bark we can consistently 

 leave. These wounds, as well as all the 

 tools used, are thoroughly washed with 

 a strong corrosive sublimate solution for 

 disinfection. These trees are then 

 watched very closely for the remainder 

 of the season, for when the outer bark is 

 once broken during the sap-flowing sea- 

 son, that tree becomes a target for every 

 sap-sucking germ distributor that hap- 

 pens along. It is to prevent the acci- 

 dental "skinning" of the trees and the 

 consequent infection that we endeavor to 

 keep the harrows at a safe distance from 

 them. 



Our orchard work is now completed for 

 the year, but as the problem of securing 

 and retaining intelligent and reliable 

 workmen is no small factor in the hand- 

 ling of an orchard, a few remarks on this 

 phase of it may not be out of place. 



Men working by the day do not like to 

 lose any time, and for this reason we 

 save all of the odd Jobs possible for times 

 when it is too disagreeable to work out 

 of doors. These jobs include cleaning 

 and oiling harness, sorting cull fruit, re- 

 pairing tools, sawing wood, painting, etc. 

 We paint the interior of an of our out- 

 buildings, such as barn, packing house, 

 wagon sheds, etc., with water paint, for 

 fire protection as well as for the sake of 

 appearance. 



We expect our men to do ten hours of 

 reasonably hard work, but to do this 

 they must have a good night's rest and 

 three good meals, to supply which we 

 provide sanitary sleeping quarters, adja- 

 cent to which are both tub and shower 

 baths, and furnish the table with a liberal 

 allowance of good, clean and well-cooked 

 wholesome food. We have our own cows 

 and chickens and the men are given all 

 the milk, cream, fresh butter and eggs 

 they want. The men have a reading 

 room supplied with daily papers, maga- 

 zines and other peiiodicals, where they 

 can either read or indulge in quiet 

 games, and they seem to appreciate it. 



In the field, if no other place, we en- 

 deavor to apply the Golden Rule, treating 



the men as we would like to be treated 

 by them were we to exchange places, and 

 we have come to the conclusion that such 

 treatment is a paying investment, as 

 evidenced by the fact that it is seldom 

 necessary to discharge a man for non- 

 performance of duty. Of the 18 men 

 now employed, our newest arrival has 

 been with us about six weeks, the others 

 ranging from that time up to two and 

 a half years. Any of these men know 

 what to do and how to do it — and do it 

 — when sent out to work, without having 

 some one along to see that the job is 

 done and done rightly. Intelligent, re- 

 liable labor is cheap at twice the wages 

 paid for the ordinary cross-country wan- 

 derer. 



Production of Fruit in Oregon in 1012 

 (State Eeport) 



Apples, bushels, 3,750,000. 



Dried prunes, pounds, 18,000,000. 



Plums and primes sold fresh, pounds, 

 15,000,000. 



Pears, bushels, 550,000. 



Peaches, boxes, 1,100,000. 



Cherries, pounds, 12,500,000. 



Grapes, pounds, 5,715,000. 



Strawberries, pounds, 12,000,000. 



Loganberries, pounds, 5,500,000. 



Raspberries, pounds, 3,500,000. 



Gooseberries, pounds, 650,000. 



Blackberries, pounds, 2,500,000. 



Currants, pounds, 475,000. 



Nuts, pounds, 250,000. 



The commercial apple crop of the lead- 

 ing counties for 1012 is estimated as 

 follows: 



Hood River county, S50 cars. 



Umatilla county, 700 cars. 



Jackson county, 600 cars. 



Union county, 550 cars. 



The pear crop of the leading counties 

 is estimated for 1912 at: 



Jackson county, 250 cars. 



Wasco county, 40 cars. 



Douglas county, 35 cars. 



Umatilla county, 30 cars. 



Josephine county, 30 cars. 



Wasco, Umatilla and Jackson counties 

 are the leading peach-growing counties, 

 with Josephine following Jackson closely. 



H. M. Williamson, 

 Socretary Oregon States B(»ard of Horticulture. 



