1676 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OP PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



The life history of this weevil, as it 

 occurs in the pecan in the South, is, so 

 far as can he gathered from reports from 

 Georgia and Texas and from laboratory 

 experiments, very similar to that of the 

 chestnut weevils. The female begins to 

 deposit her eggs in August while the 

 pecan is still immature, and the larva 

 usually escapes from the nuts in the lat- 

 ter part of September and in October, but 

 most of them do not issue until the husks 

 open, allowing the nuts to fall. 



Eemedies 



Care in the selection of the site for a 

 pecan orchard is advised. The grower 

 should avoid planting in the vicinity of 

 wild pecan and hickory of whatever kind. 

 The entire crop, also, should be harvested 

 or hogs should be turned in to devour 

 what nuts are left. Where swine and 

 chickens have access to a pecan grove, 

 the ground is well rooted and scratched 

 up, and there is less loss from weevils 

 than in the previous year. Evidently 

 both hogs and poultry devour the larvae 

 in the ground. 



Termite. See Common Termite, page 

 550. 



Twig Gibdlee. See Pecan Fruner^ this 

 section. 



Walnut Moth. See Leaf Oaterpillar, 

 this section; also under Walnut. 



Pennsylvama 



The apple is the principal fruit grown 

 in Pennsylvania, although all the fruits 

 common to the north temperate zone are 

 grown there. In the number of bearing 

 apple trees Pennsylvania ranks third. 

 Missouri is first, with 14,359,673; New 

 York second, with 11,248,203, and Penn- 

 sylvania third, with 8,968,937. In the 

 production of apples New York claims 

 first place and Pennsylvania second, and 

 the statistics available to us justify these 

 claims. In the southeastern portion of 

 the state, Pennsylvania touches the sea 

 level, and rises from this point to 3,000 

 feet in the mountain and plateau region, 

 then slopes off to about 600 feet above the 

 sea along the shores of Lake Erie. Penn- 

 sylvania includes a part of the Piedmont 



section, so famous in Virginia for the 

 production of Winesap and Albemarle 

 Pippin apples. This is a soil formation 

 different from that of any other part of 

 the state, characterized by a red clay and 

 clay loam, sometimes with so much veg- 

 etable matter as to make it look like a 

 black loam. It extends along the eastern 

 side of the Alleghany mountains at an 

 elevation of about 500 to 1,000 feet. There 

 are places also where there is a strong 

 proportion of lime in the soil. These are 

 among the most fertile in the state, and, 

 other things being equal, the best adapt- 

 ed to the growing of apples. There is a 

 narrow strip of land along the shore of 

 Lake Erie which is composed chiefly of 

 clay, loam, sand and gravel, derived from 

 the glaciated uplands and deposited be- 

 neath the water when Lake Erie covered 

 a much larger surface than it occupies 

 now, and when a considerable portion of 

 land that is now in cultivation was part 

 of the lake bed. These lands in the ex- 

 treme northwestern part of the state are 

 well adapted to the growing of apples, 

 grapes, peaches, and, in smaller areas, to 

 market gardening. 



Pennsylvania is unlike some other 

 states, in that there is no particular part 

 of the state where apples can be more 

 successfully grown than in other parts. 

 In almost all parts of the state there are 

 sections where apple growing can be 

 made profitable. However, the largest 

 apple-producing sections are in the west 

 and southeast. It cannot be said that the 

 business here is more profitable than in 

 other parts of the state, but that there 

 are larger areas adapted to this industry. 

 Susquehanna county, in the northeast, 

 had at the time of taking the 1910 census 

 208,614 bearing trees; Bedford, in the 

 south, 273,241, and other counties in dif- 

 ferent portions of the state produce good 

 fruit in abundant quantities. 



The number of bearing peach trees in 

 the state is 2,383,027. The counties that 

 produce the largest number of peaches 

 are: Erie, 253,457 trees; Westmoreland, 

 100,334; York, 92,844; Allegheny, 95,414. 



Pears are grown successfully wherever 

 peaches and apples flourish, but the pear 



