PLUM PESTS 



1697 



ture. The young larva bores into the 

 fruit and feeds around the center until 

 mature, when it crawls to the ground 

 and enters the soil to a dejith of several 

 inches, where it pupates. The larval stage 

 lasts from two to three weeks and the 

 pupal stage from two to more weeks. The 

 complete development from egg to adult 

 thus lasts about five or six weeks. After 

 emergence the beetles feed on the leaves 

 and fruit until fall, when they enter 

 hibernation and come out in the spring 

 as indicated. 



Remedies 



A combination of clean culture and the 

 application of arsenical sprays thor- 

 oughly applied are satisfactory in keep- 

 ing this insect under control. 



European" Fruit Lecanium. European 

 Fruit Scale. See Lecanium, under 

 Prune. 



Eye-spotted Bud Moth. See Apple 

 Pests. 



Fall Canker Worm. See Apple Pests. 



Fall Web Worm. See Apple Pests. 



Flat-headed Borer. See Apple Pests. 



Forest Tent Caterpillar. See Apple 

 Pests. 



Gray Dagger Moth 



Apatela interrupta 

 The caterpillars of the gray dagger 

 moth are often found upon plum foliage 

 in early September. The caterpillars 

 reach full growth about the middle of 

 September and are then about one and 

 one-half inches long. The large, black 

 head is marked with yellowish dots at 

 the sides. About the middle of Septem- 

 ber, these caterpillars of the second 

 brood spin slight cocoons in any sheltered 

 spot and transform to chrysalids in which 

 state they spend the winter. If numer- 

 ous enough to require attention, spray 

 with powdered hellebore, or else with 

 Paris green, one pound in 100 gallons of 

 water. Use the milk of lime from two 

 or three pounds of freshly slaked stone 

 lime in the Paris green mixture, to pre- 

 vent burning of the leaves. Arsenate of 

 lead should be used instead of Paris 

 green on trees that are not carrying fruit. 



H. A. Gossard, 

 Wooster, Ohio. 



3—24 



Green Apple Worm. See Apple Pests. 

 Hop Louse. See Aphids. 

 Leaf Crumpler. See Apple Pests. 

 Lecanium. See Prune Pests. 



Long- Tailed Mealy Bug 



Pseudococcus longespinus Targ. 

 Pseudococcus adonidum Linn. 

 General Appearance 

 The same as the citrus mealy bug in 

 size, shape and color, but is readily dis- 

 tinguished from it by the long white anal 

 appendages as long or longer than the 

 body, from which it gets its name. 



Life History 



No eggs are laid by this species, the 

 young being born alive. Several genera- 

 tions appear each year; in fact, in South 

 ern California the breeding extends 

 throughout practically the entire year. 

 The life cycle occupies about two months. 

 It is particularly bad in greenhouses and 

 ornamental gardens. 



Control 



Without doubt the best control meas- 

 ure is the application of a carbolic acid 

 emulsion spray, which should be applied 

 plentifully, from 10 to 15 gallons to an 

 average sized tree, and under a pressure 

 of 200 pounds. The two angle "Bean Jum- 

 bo" nozzles on a "Y" to each rod give 

 best results. Large-bodied discs should be 

 used in the nozzles to insure a coarse 

 driving spray. E. O. Essig 



Pig. 1. The Long-Tailed Mealy Bug. 



