1868 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OP PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



near a fire. Agitate the mixture with a 



spray pump so as to emulsify the oil. 



After five miautes the mixture becomes 



creamy. To use, dilute the above stock 



solution at the rate of one gallon to 10 



gallons of water. This is a standard 



remedy for destroying green aphis, woolly 



aphis, mealy bugs and other plant lice. 



It may be used instead of the tobacco 



solutions if desired. 



O'Gara 



(2) 



Whale-oiI soap 40 lbs. 



Water 2 gals. 



Kerosene 4 gals. 



First dissolve the pound of soap in two 

 gallons of hot soft water. When this is 

 accomplished add the kerosene and agi- 



For 4% strength add 15 2/3 gallons 

 For 5% strength add 12 1/3 gallons 

 For 7% strength add 8 1/2 gallons 

 For 10% strength add 5 2/3 gallons 

 For 12% strength add 4 1/2 gallons 

 For 15% strength add 3 1/2 gallons 

 For 18% strength add 2 2/3 gallons 

 For 20% strength add 2 1/3 gallons 

 For 25% strength add 1 2/3 gallons 



Oil Spray 



Crude oil emulsion for winter spray- 

 ing: 



Fish-oil soap 20 lbs. 



(Dissolved in 20 gals, hot water) 



Lye 4 lbs 



(Dissolved in 2 gals, water) 

 Mix, add water to make 177 gals., 

 run agitator at full speed and add 

 Crude oil 20 gals. 



When emulsified do not add anything 

 else to the spray liquid, or free oil will 

 Sep ar axe* 



w. s. c. 



Eesin Wash 



Though not a true emulsion and fast 

 losing prominence as a spray, this wash 

 is included here because of its value as a 

 spray and dip for plants with tender 

 foliage. 



Resin 10 lbs. 



Caustic soda (76 per cent) 3 lbs 



Fish oil 1% lbs 



Water 50 ^als 



Put oil, resin and a gallon of water 

 in an iron kettle and heat until the 

 resin is softened; add the lye (dissolved 

 in a small amount of water) and stir 

 thoroughly, after which add enough 

 water to make fifty gallons of spraying 

 material. 



This wash is only effective for young 

 scale insects, plant lice, or other soft- 

 bodied insects. 



Soap Solution 



1% inch cube soap. 

 1 gallon warm water. 



tate vigorously by pumping it back into 

 itself until a thick creamy liquid results. 

 This makes the stock solution. 



For use on dormant trees and plants 

 in the winter dilute the stock solution 

 one to five of water. On trees or plants 

 in foliage dilute with ten parts of water. 



In giving directions for diluting kero- 

 sene emulsion many writers recommend 

 the use of a certain per cent. This is ex- 

 ceedingly confusing to the average or- 

 chardist, and in order to have the infor- 

 mation necessary to follow these recom* 

 mendations the following dilutions show- 

 ing per cent of strength are taken from 

 O'Kane: 



of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 

 of water to 



gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 

 gallon 



of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 

 of stock 



solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 

 solution 



BssiG 



Soap Washes 



A simple and easily prepared spray for 

 use in small gardens is made from soap 

 as follows: 



Whale-oil or hard laundry soap 1 lb. 



Water , 5 gals. 



The soap is first dissolved in a small 

 amount of hot water and the remainder 

 added afterwards. This spray will not in- 

 jure tender plants or foliage, and is 

 recommended only for young scale in- 

 sects, plant lice and other soft-bodied in- 

 sects. 



E. O. E. 



Whale-Oil Soap and Quassia 



Whale-oil soap 10 lbs. 



Quassia 5 lbs. 



Water 100 gals. 



Place the quassia chips in a sack, cover 

 with about 10 gallons of water and soak 

 for 24 hours. Then boil, remove the 

 chips, add the soap and boil until dis- 

 solved. Add water to make 100 gallons. 

 For making whale-oil soap see formula 

 given elsewhere. This formula has given 

 good success in destroying soft-bodied in- 

 sects like plant lice, young squash bugs, 

 etc. 



P. J. O. 



BUSTS 



A number of valuable insecticides are 

 applied dry as dusts. We have already 

 referred to Paris green and lime as being 



