1904 



ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 



shaped types of spray nozzles. When 

 divided into classes according to their 

 construction, several fairly balanced 



Fig 22. (31) Disc nozle. The simple straight- 

 based disc nozzle, showing the gradual change 

 of direction of flow of the liquid and the 

 large openings permissible with this type of 

 nozzle. (32) A variable modified Vermorel 

 nozzle. The head of the degorger, which is 

 threaded and fits loosely in the threaded bar- 

 rel, may be shifted in position to form a 

 hollow cone spray when above the supply 

 orifice, and a solid stream when below this 

 opening. Packing under the nut prevents 

 leakage around the degorger stem. (33) A 

 modified Vermorel nozzle in which the whirl 

 is imparted to the liquid in the whirl cham- 

 ber by the spiral on the head of the degorger. 

 A packing nut prevents leakage around the 

 stem of the degorger. Note the number of 

 changes of direction of flow, the abrupt angles 

 and narrow orifices through which the liquid 

 must pass in becoming a spray in all of the 

 Vermorel nozles in comparison with the pass- 

 age-ways of the simple disc nozzle. (34) A 

 Vermorel nozzle. The outside appearance 

 gives very little idea of the inner connection. 

 Note the shape and projecting parts which 

 catch over limbs. (35) A sectional view of 

 a true Vermorel nozzle. The head of the 

 nozzle may be set at an angle by turning it 

 around on the threaded stem. The liquid 

 enters the whirl chamber through a hole at 

 one side of the chamber which gives it the 

 whirling motion around the needle of the 

 degorger. Packing under the nut prevents 

 any leakage around the needle stems and the 

 spring holds the needle back leaving the way 

 to the hole in tlje cap unobstructed. (36) A 

 sectional view of a Self Cleaner nozzle show- 

 insr the narrow passage-ways and the needle 

 which cleans the hole in the cap when the 

 head of the nozzle is pushed back. 



groups are formed, which are known as 

 Disc, 22, (31), Vermorel, (32) and (33), 

 Modified Vermorel, (34) and (35), Self 

 Cleaner, (36), Cap, Bordeaux, Cyclone, 

 and Solid Stream nozzles. This classi- 

 fication follows the trend of names with 

 which we are more familiar, and these 

 give some idea regarding construction. 



Different nozzles are suited to different 

 work, and, as their eflftciency sometimes 

 depends upon the amount of pressure 

 used, care must be taken not to select a 

 nozzle which will be unsuited to the ma- 

 chine with which it is to be used. Some 

 nozzles are of very large capacity and 

 should not be used with pumps whose 

 capacity per minute is less than that of 

 the nozzle. The .Disc nozzles are larger 

 in capacity than most of the Vermorel or 

 Self Cleaner types; more compact, lighter 

 in weight, less liable to clog, and do not 

 have an projecting parts to catch over 

 limbs and make trouble. Although Disc 

 nozzles have been on the market for only 

 a few years, they are rapidly superceding 

 the older and more common types. 



Most of the Vermorel and Self Cleaner 

 nozzles are of small capacity, largely be- 

 cause the small orifices through which the 

 liquid must pass, and the abrupt changes 

 of direction which it must make, reduce 

 its speed and nullify the effects which 

 should be obtained if no hindrance was 

 present. The Bordeaux nozzles, strongly 

 advocated by many western orchardists, 

 usually make a flat, fan-shaped spray 

 which is coarse and much heavier in the 

 center of the fan than at the edges. These 

 are also of large capacity and can be 

 adjusted to throw a solid stream of liquid. 



Cap nozzles of small capacity are suit- 

 able for bucket pumps and small hand 

 sprayers. They are often miniature types 

 of Disc nozzles. Those of large capacity 

 are preferable to the Vermorels. Solid 

 Stream nozzles are best suited for spray- 

 ing tall trees, and, because of their ex- 

 tremely large capacity, cannot be used 

 with any of the smaller power machines. 

 This observation applies especially to the 

 • Worthley nozzle, which has been develop- 

 ed for use in spraying for the control 

 of the gypsy and brown-tail moths in 

 Massachusetts. 



