686 
Food Plants 
The principal economic food plants are 
cabbage, cauliflower, brussels sprouts, 
turnip, radish, mustard, and horseradish. 
Other plants attacked are wild mustard, 
wild radish, nasturtium, mignonette and 
sweet alyssum. 
Control 
The larvae, working as they do into the 
heads of the cabbages, make control 
methods practically impossible after they 
have once begun. Young plants may well 
be protected by arsenical sprays which are 
applied with safety until the heads are 
half grown. Prof. L. Bruner claims that 
cornmeal dusted on the cabbages causes 
the worms to leave. Clean culture should 
be practiced and no cabbage or host plants 
allowed to grow during the interval be- 
tween crops unless they are freely sprayed 
with strong solutions of arsenical sprays. 
Natural Enemies 
Internal parasites, working upon the 
chrysalids, are important factors in the 
control of the pest. In this state the 
small parasite (Pteromalus puparum) is 
quite widely distributed and is bred and 
sent to all parts of the state by the State 
Insectary. In the Hastern states a chal- 
cid (Apanieles glomeratus) does excellent 
work in killing off the caterpillars, but 
this has not been established in this 
state. A bug (Phymata woljfii) preys 
upon the butterflies, which they capture 
on flowers while the wasp (Polistes pal- 
lipes) destroys large numbers of the 
worms. 
BE. O. Essie 
(Further remedies suggested by A. L. Lovett, 
of Oregon Experiment Station —EHd.) 
For very small plants use Paris green 
one pound, and air slaked lime, road dust 
or cheap flour 20 pounds. Mix thorough- 
ly and dust over plants by sifting through 
a coarse sack. This material will adhere 
better if applied in the early morning 
while the dew is on. 
For older plants the regular arsenical 
sprays may be used, adding a little soap 
to aid them in sticking, or better still, use 
the resin lime mixture prepared as fol- 
lows: 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
Stock solution: 
PulveriZed Y@SiN ou... cence eeeeeees 5 pounds 
Concentrated Lye 2... a eeeenececeeenees l pound 
Fish oil soap or any cheap ani- 
mal oil, except tallow... ......... 1 pint 
Water ae ceesccccceneceneeeceesceneceanseenseeees 5 gallons 
Place the oil, resin and one gallon of 
hot water in vessel for cooking. Heat 
until the resin is softened, add the lye 
solution made as for hard soap, stir 
thoroughly and add four gallons more of 
hot water. Boil for two hours or until 
the mixture will unite readily with water, 
making a clear amber liquid. Add water 
to make up for that lost by evaporation. 
This constitutes the stock solution and 
may be kept indefinitely. In applying 
it, for every gallon of the stock solution 
add first 16 gallons of water, then three 
gallons of thin whitewash and one-quarter 
pound of Paris green. 
Hot water at a temperature of 130 Fahr- 
enheit will kill the worms and will not 
injure the cabbage plants. 
Native Cabbage Worm 
Pontia protodice. Pieris protodice 
Butterfly, looks much like the last, but 
has about four angular black marks at 
and behind tips. Female very different 
from male, with wings all checkered with 
black. 
Worm, obscure, purple color, with four 
longitudinal pale yellow stripes, two on 
each side. Head and body minutely dot- 
ted with black. Pupa, in the main, like 
the last, but dotted with black. The 
worm, though not nearly so troublesome 
as the imported, can be overcome by the 
same sprays. 
L. F. Henperson 
Seed-stalk Weevil 
Ceutorhynchus quadridens Panz 
A somewhat serious pest in sections 
where seed cabbages are grown, as in 
Long Island. No remedy suggested. 
WESTERN ‘TwELvVE-Sporten CUCUMBER 
BEETLES. See under Cucumber. 
Literature 
Bulletins of the State Experiment Sta- 
tions and the United States Department 
of Agriculture, mostly of the last two de- 
cades : 
