CANADA 
packed and handled in transit, and hence 
larger quantities are being sent to distant 
markets every year, and as a rule good 
prices are obtained for the fruit. 
Varieties Recommended 
General List Approved by the Board of 
Control 
ComMeErciAL——Giffard, Clapp, Bartlett, 
Boussock, Flemish (hardy, subject to 
spot), Howell, Louise, Duchess, Bosc, 
Clairgeau, Anjou, Kieffer. 
Domestic — Summer Doyenne, Giffard, 
Bartlett, Flemish (for the north), Sheld- 
on, Seckel, Bosc, Anjou, Lawrence, Jose- 
phine, Winter Nelis. 
District Lists Recommended by the 
Experimenters 
Niagara District 
Linus WooLvERTON 
Grimsby, Ont. 
CoMMERCIAL—Chambers, Wilder, Gif- 
fard, Clapp, Bartlett, Hardy, Bosc, How- 
ell, Louise, Duchess, Pitmaston, Clair- 
geau, Anjou, Easter Beurre. 
Domestic -—- Doyenne, Manning, Gif 
fard, Boussock, Rostiezer, Marguerite, 
Sheldon, Seckel, Triumph, Ritson, Louise, 
Hardy, Diel, Anjou, Lawrence. 
Burlington District 
A. W. PEART 
Burlington, Ont. 
CoMMERCIAL—Wilder, Clapp, Bartlett, 
Boussock, Louise, Duchess (dwarf), An- 
jou, Kieffer, Winter Nelis, Easter Beurre. 
Domestic — Wilder, Bartlett, Louise, 
Anjou, Winter Nelis. 
Bay of Quinte District 
W. H. DempseEy 
Trenton, Ont. 
COMMERCIAL AND Domestic — Giffard, 
Tyson, Clapp, Boussock, Hardy, White 
Doyenne, Dempsey, Bose, Clairgeau, 
Goodale, Lawrence, Josephine. 
St. Lawrence District 
Harotp JONES 
Maitland, Ont. 
Domestic—Clapp, Flemish, Ritson. 
THE PLUM 
The plum has a wider range over the 
Province of Ontario than the pear or 
peach, this fruit being a native of the 
T09 
Province and found as far north as Mani- 
toba. 
There are three large groups into 
which the plums may be divided here, 
namely, the European, Japanese, and 
American. In the European or domestica 
group are included most of the varieties 
which are grown in Ontario commercial- 
ly. These plums are not as hardy as the 
natives, hence their profitable culture is 
limited to almost exactly the same dis- 
tricts as the pear, the commercial or- 
chards being mostly found in Southern 
Ontario, the Georgian Bay District, and 
along Lake Ontario west of the Bay of 
Quinte. A few of the hardiest produce 
crops occasionally in Eastern Ontario and 
up to about latitude 45 degrees in Cen- 
tral Ontario, but they are too uncertain 
to be grown for profit. 
The Japanese plums are grown over 
practically the same area as the Euro- 
pean, but the fruit buds average a little 
more tender. 
In the American group are included 
the Americana and Nigra plums, the 
former being derived from a hardy 
United States species and _ the latter 
from the native Canadian plum. The 
varieties of this group are quite hardy 
and can be grown commercially where 
the European and Japanese plums will 
not succeed, and while not so good in 
quality as the others, good prices are at 
present obtained -for what are produced. 
Plums are not being so extensively 
planted at present as other large fruits, 
since during recent years the markets 
have several times been glutted, result- 
ing in low prices. The demand for plums 
is, however, always large, and the excel- 
lent market which is opening up in the 
Northwest will probably in the future pre- 
vent, in a great measure, this over-sup- 
ply. 
The cultural directions for the apple 
will apply in most particulars to the 
plum, which will succeed on almost all 
kinds of well drained soils, although it 
does best on the heavier clay loams. 
Trees one or two years of age should be 
planted about eighteen feet apart each 
way, the soil having been thoroughly 
