CELERY DISEASES—CELERY PESTS 
in the field, as this mixture does not 
leave a deposit on the plants. 
The practice of overhead sprinkling, as 
followed by many growers, is especially 
undesirable as this has the same effect 
as frequent rains and offers ideal condi- 
tions for the development and spread of 
the fungus. Where irrigation is neces- 
sary, arrangements should be made to 
apply the water in rills. 
Bibliography 
1897—N. Y. Cornell Experiment Station 
Bulletin 132. 
California Experiment Station Bulletin 
208. 
Root Rot 
Rhizoctonia 
Attacks plants during damp seasons. 
The roots rot off in some cases. 
Rust, True and False 
In Europe the celery plant is attack: 
ed by one or two rust fungi (Puccinia bul- 
lata [Pers.] and P. Castagnet Thum) of 
the same class of parasitic fungi as those 
producing rust in wheat. These two rusts 
have not as yet been discovered in Ameri- 
ca, though they will doubtless in time 
become introduced. Celery which is bank- 
ed in the earth often has the blanched 
stems marked by rusty spots of various 
sizes. These spots appear to arise from 
the contact of the stems with the earth, 
and on microscopic examination seem to 
be due to the fungi or bacteria, or both, 
that may be present in the soil. The 
difficulty is prevented by avoiding this 
method of blanching and substituting 
boards or close culture planting. 
A. D. SExsy, 
Wooster, Ohio 
CELERY PESTS 
APPLE Lear Hoprer. See under Apple 
Pests. 
CaBBAGE Root Maccot. Sometimes at- 
tacks celery. See under Cabbage Pests. 
Celery Leaf Tyer 
Phiyctaenia rubigalis 
This insect often becomes very trouble- 
some, not only because it destroys the 
leaves by eating them, but by spinning 
a web and tying the leaves together. The 
insect is thoroughly distributed and may 
bd 
come 
769 
at any time become a troublesome pest 
in any celery field. As a means of con- 
trolling this insect, hand picking will be 
effectual on a small scale. Spray with 
Paris green in cases where the larvae 
have become very numerous. Applied 
so as to reach the underside of the leaves, 
where the insects feed. It would not be 
advisable to spray with a poisonous solu- 
tion late in the season after the edible 
portion of the celery has begun to form. 
Celery Looper 
Plusia simplex Guen. 
*In some portions of our country, as, 
for example, in Illinois, this species to 
a certain extent takes the place of the 
cabbage looper (Plusia brassicae Riley). 
It is stated to be the commonest species 
of its genus in Illinois, and is rather gen- 
erally distributed in the United States 
east of the Rocky mountains, from Can- 
ada to New Mexico. 
Descriptive 
The moth is decidedly dissimilar to 
that of the cabbage looper, having a 
greater wing expanse, nearly two inches, 
entirely different coloration, and differ- 
ently shaped upper wings. The lower 
edges of the fore wings have a well-de- 
fined conical projection. The border is 
not scalloped, the color is somewhat 
purplish brown, the darker shades being 
velvety brown. The silver marks are 
very distinct. The hind wings are ochre- 
ous or yellowish brown, strongly banded 
with dark fuscous, particularly toward 
the white border. The ground color of 
the thorax, fore wings, and abdomen is 
duller than that of the hind wings. The 
lower surface is pale ochreous, with a 
rather distinct darker band running 
through both wings near the middle. 
The egg is milky white, flattened, 
globular, or turnip-shaped, sometimes 
with an impressed spot in the center of 
the upper surface. The upper half of the 
egg is grooved vertically. 
The larva is similar to the cabbage 
looper. The color is very pale yellow- 
ish green. The length is about 14%4 inches 
when fully extended. 
* Chittenden, Division Entomological Bulle- 
tin 83, New Series. 
