782 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
during the third and fourth year after 
setting out. Little indication of the dis- 
ease may be present until tree or 
branches fail to leaf out or suddenly wilt 
during the growing season. In these 
cases girdling has previously taken place. 
There may or may not be gumming and 
little relation appears between the amount 
of gumming and the extent of injury. 
In the later stages there is usually no 
difficulty in detecting the disease on ac- 
count of the fact that no further growth 
takes place at the affected region, while 
the adjacent and still healthy parts add 
a new layer of wood during the growing 
season. The dead area then appears 
flattened, and, the dead bark, since it 
does not expand, frequently, though not 
always, splits open. In other words, we 
have the formation of a canker. 
More Restricted and Localized Cankers 
In this disease we find certain condi- 
tions in which a large part of the tree 
may be rapidly and often fatally involved 
in a general attack, or in which large 
dead areas are formed that may girdle 
trunk or limbs, but the disease does not 
always appear in such severe forms, and 
we commonly find small cankers and 
affected spots that are more restricted 
and localized appearing on various parts 
of the tree. Near the center of such spots 
one frequently discovers the remains of a 
dead bud or spur. This association of 
small cankers with dead buds is not uni- 
versal, but it is so common that it sug- 
gests the possibility that the diseased 
spot had its beginning in the death of 
the bud or spur. In connection with the 
dying of the tissue there is sometimes an 
abundance of gum production and some- 
times very little where only a very small 
amount of tissue is found to be affected. 
Again, a canker may entirely girdle a 
branch with very little exudation occur- 
ring or none at all. 
The Blighting of Buds and Spurs 
There is a very common phase of our 
cherry trouble which has generally es- 
caped the notice of the growers or has 
been passed by as unworthy of much at- 
tention. This is the blighting of buds and 
fruit spurs, generally accompanied by 
gumming, which is present in practically 
all cherry orchards to a greater or less 
extent, but is much worse in orchards 
A Species of Polyphorus. 
Fig. 2. 
A Species of Polystictus 
An Imperfect Fungus. 
Saprophytic Fungi Which Are Often Present in Half Dead Cherry Trees. 
