788 
Fig. 9. Top-Budded on Mazzard Seedling and 
Headed Back to Produce Stocky Growth. 
The mazzard body is gummosis resistant. 
This form of crotch is undesirable. 
that resistance may possibly be trans- 
mitted by the scion. 
Cultivation 
Thorough cultivation in the early part 
of the season is beneficial to the cherry, 
but spasmodic or irregular cultivation is 
considered harmful. As far as cherry 
zummosis is concerned, a tree assisted by 
proper cultivation and making a vigorous 
and rapid growth as a result, has a better 
chance to recover from and outgrow the 
trouble than a weak tree. 
Cutting Out the Disease 
The most successful method of treat- 
ment in practice among careful cherry 
raisers consists in the thorough cutting- 
out early in the season of all diseased, 
discolored and gum-soaked bark.  Per- 
sistent watch is kept by frequent inspec- 
tions and as soon as new diseased spots 
are discovered, they are cut out. Where 
this has been conscientiously done, and 
the injuries have been cut out before get- 
ting very large, the recoveries have often 
been rapid and the damage from the dis- 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
ease rather small. In cutting out, it is 
important that all the tissues which are 
in any degree affected should be removed. 
The wound thus made should be steril- 
ized, preferably by the application of a 
solution of corrosive sublimate (1-1000) ; 
when dry, large wounds should be coated 
with walnut grafting wax* as a protec- 
tion against the entrance of destructive 
wood-rotting fungi. It is often impos- 
sible to discover at once all the affected 
tissue around a gum exudation or canker, 
and a second or third cutting-out may 
have to be made during a season, but per- 
sistence will be rewarded in most cases 
by a rapid healing of the wound through 
the growth of new callus tissue over it. 
Care should be taken not to remove any 
more of the living and healthy tissues 
than is necessary in cutting out the dis- 
ease. | 
Where a small branch is affected, it is 
often better to remove it entirely and 
allow a healthy one to take its place. In 
young trees it is strongly recommended 
to remove all blighted spurs and cut 
away discolored tissues that spread out 
from their base; since our investigations 
lead us to suspect that many of the seri- 
ous cankers originate in this way. 
Spraying seems to be practically use- 
less as a means of control for cherry 
gummosis. Slitting of the bark has been 
recommended by many growers, but we 
cannot see that much benefit results ex- 
cept where a gum pocket is opened and 
the gum is prevented by release of pres- 
sure from spreading under the bark. On 
the contrary, where trunks or limbs have 
been slit deeply, bad wounds are some- 
times produced, and instances of apparent 
spreading of the disease along the slit 
argue against the practice. 
Other recommendations with regard to 
treating the diseased trees have been 
made by various growers. The cutting out 
of the cankers, however, has resulted in 
local benefit in so many well-authenti- 
cated instances under the writer’s obser- 
vation, that he does not hesitate to urge 
* The formula for making Walnut Grafting 
Wax is given in the Oregon Agricultural Experi- 
ment Station Bulletin No. 111, p. 96 
ee under Walnut. 
