834 
good grower, comes into bearing young 
and yields good crops biennially. 
Soulard; is regarded as a hybrid be- 
tween the common wild prairie crab and 
the common apple. It originated on a 
farm near St. Louis, Mo. It is large, of 
good quality, and one of the most desir- 
able of all varieties produced in the 
United States. It is good when baked, 
makes excellent jams, jellies and pre- 
serves, hangs on the tree until late frost 
and will keep in common storage for a 
year. Tree perfectly hardy. It seems not 
adapted to the Northeastern states, and in 
some other portions of the United States 
has not been sufficiently tested. 
Transcendent; a beautiful fruit and one 
of the most popular. Tree a good grower, 
hardy, very prolific, fruit medium to large, 
clear bright yellow with red cheeks; sea- 
son late in August to middle of Septem- 
ber. 
Van Wyck; a sweet crab apple, fruit 
large for a Siberian crab, whitish, shaded 
with bright red covered with bloom; in- 
clines to watercore; season from August 
to September. 
Whitney; one of the most popular of 
the large crab apples, especially in the 
West and North. Tree is thrifty, upright 
grower, comes into bearing young and is 
very productive. Season, August and Sep- 
tember. 
Yellow Siberian; is sometimes called 
the Golden Beauty. It is similar to 
the Red Siberian, except for size it 
is larger, and in color it is a clear 
golden yellow. Under certain circum- 
stances it suffers from blight. It comes 
into bearing young, is a vigorous grower 
and a heavy annual cropper. 
For further information as to the cul- 
ture and the adaptation of crab apples to 
special locations, see Apple. 
GRANVILLE LOWTHER 
Crass, AmreRrIoaNn. See Apple, History of. 
CraB APPLES, GRADE RULES For. See 
under Apple Packing. 
CRABS, EUROPEAN. 
of. 
Crass, NATIVE, FuTure oF. 
History of. 
CRAB, SOULARD. 
see Apple, History 
See Apple, 
See Apple, History of. 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
CrAaBs, WILD. See Apple, History of. 
Craps, SmMootH, WiLD. See Apple, Bot- 
any of. 
Crass, Harry, WILD. 
any of. 
See Apple, Bot- 
Cranberry 
There are two species of cranberry; one 
is known as the Little Cranberry, Vacci- 
nium oxycoccus, and the other as the 
Large American Cranberry, Vacinium ma- 
cerocarpon. 
The American cranberry grows wild 
along the Atlantic coast from Maine to 
New Jersey, and in small areas along the 
Allegheny mountain range from Southern 
Pennsylvania to North Carolina. It grows 
also in some of the Middle states like 
Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. 
The number of acres planted to cran- 
berries according to the census reports of 
1910 are as follows: Connecticut, 275; 
Illinois, 1; Indiana, 70; Iowa, 1; Kansas, 
1; Maine, 90; Massachusetts, 5,128; Mich- 
igan, 150; Minnesota, 22; Nebraska, 1; 
New Hampshire, 28; New Jersey, 8,356; 
New York, 113; Oregon, 6; Rhode Island, 
300; South Dakota, 1; Washington, 5; 
Wisconsin, 5,821. 
One of the most surprising things in 
the study of cranberry culture is the av- 
erage number of bushels per acre in the 
sections where the fruit is grown for com- 
mercial purposes. The lowest average per 
acre is in Maine, where it is 17 bushels. 
The highest average per acre is Oregon 
where it is 119 bushels per acre. Next to 
Oregon is Massachusetts giving an aver- 
age yield of 117 bushels per acre and next 
to Massachusetts, New York with 96 bush- 
els per acre. The average for the cran- 
berry producing states is within a frac- 
tion of 47 bushels per acre. It would ap- 
pear therefore that the states producing 
above this average would make the in- 
dustry profitable, and that Oregon and 
Massachusetts should make it very profit- 
able. 
Structurally the cranberry is allied to 
the blueberry or huckleberry; but botan- 
ically it is classed as a distinct species. 
Soils Best Adapted 
It is necessary to success in cranberry 
culture that the soil should be very rich 
