850 
antennae, or feelers, and long slender 
hind legs. 
The eggs are laid chiefly in two kinds 
of grasses, locally Known as “deer grass” 
and “double-seeded millet.” Occasionally 
eggs are laid on other grasses or plants, 
but never on cranberry leaves. 
Remedial Measures 
The character of the remedy to be 
adopted follows from the egg-laying 
habits of the species. Allow none of the 
host grasses to maintain themselves on 
the bogs and burn over the dams during 
the winter while the bogs are flowed. 
From the fact that the very young katy- 
dids are never found on flowed bogs ex- 
cept at the edges joining the upland or 
at the base of the dams, it may be fairly 
inferred that the eggs do not survive the 
winter when kept completely submerged, 
so that destruction of the grasses above 
the water line might answer. It would 
be safer, however, to have the grasses 
out; they have no place on the bogs any- 
way. 
For burning the grasses and other host 
plants on the dams some one of the gaso- 
line torches now on the market may he 
used. They give a very intense heat and 
lick up leaves and plants with extreme 
rapidity. As they can be used against 
the wind or while the plants are some- 
what damp there is practically no danger 
that the fire will get away, and when the 
ground is frozen, the covering of leaves 
and stalks is burned so rapidly that no 
heat gets to the roots. 
Grasshoppers and Crickets 
Numerous short-horned and _long- 
horned grasshoppers may be found on and 
about the bogs, and more or less injury is 
charged to them. As to the common gray 
or brown short-horned grasshoppers the 
charge is believed to be practically un- 
founded. They do sometimes finish up 
berries that have been opened by the 
katydids; but direct evidence is lacking 
that they would or even could get into a 
sound berry. Nor do they occur in any 
numbers on clean, well-kept bogs, free 
from grass and overgrown edges or dams. 
They belong naturally in the grassy un- 
dergrowth along the margins, and simply 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
run over when there is an easy oppor- 
tunity. 
It is rather otherwise with some of the 
long-horned, green, meadow grasshoppers, 
which on grassy, reedy, or sedgy bogs are 
sometimes present in immense numbers. 
All of these are fond of seeds, and while 
the smaller species cannot get into a half 
or full grown berry, the larger species 
can, and so they join the katydids in their 
destructive work, but in comparison do 
little injury. 
Most of them have a long, flat oviposi- 
tor, straight or slightly curved, and they 
lay their eggs in the stems of the sedges, 
rushes, and larger grasses found on the 
bogs. None of these species can cut into 
leaves. Their eggs are long, slender, 
nearly cylindrical, and often just a little 
curved. They are laid in series of any- 
where from three to eight, one above the 
other, the number of eggs in any series 
depending upon the length of the ovi- 
positor in the species. 
Where bogs are very full of these little 
species, a large proportion of the grasses 
and sedgy plants will be found bearing 
eggs, and these eggs are so well protected 
that they survive the winter though they 
be completely submerged. Accordingly, in 
early June thousands of the little meadow 
grasshoppers are found just hatched and 
under such conditions that they could not 
possibly have come on from the outside. 
Remedial Measures 
The only way to keep these species off 
the bogs is to keep down the grasses. 
They are not naturally feeders upon the 
cranberry plant, and exact so small a toll 
that the actual loss is less than the prob- 
able cost of getting rid of them. If the 
grasses, etc, cannot be readily taken 
from the bogs, they might be mowed, 
after picking, above the vine level. This 
would cut off the parts bearing the eggs, 
and as the loose grass would float when 
the water is put on, the eggs would either 
be carried to the edges or would decay 
with the vegetation containing them. 
Crickets also occur in greater or less 
numbers on most bogs, and growers are 
by no means agreed whether they cause 
injury or not. That they will eat berries 
