EGG PLANT DISHEASES—EGG PLANT PHSTS—ELDERBERRY 
spots in them. These show early as pits 
in the surfaces of the fruit which show 
the usual border. 
Bacterial Blight 
Bacterwum solanacearum Erw. Sm. 
The common solanaceous blight organ- 
ism attacks the egg plant as well us the 
potato and tomato. Where attacks oc- 
cur destruction of the affected plants is 
all that can be done. 
Fruit Rot 
A fruit rot of egg plant likewise oc- 
curs and may at times appear as a leaf 
spot fungus. This, like the anthracnose 
and leaf spot, should yield to treatment 
by sprays. Ammoniacal copper carbon- 
ate may be used toward the ripening 
period. 
Leaf Spots 
Two or more leaf spot fungi have been 
recorded on egg plant. 
Rot 
Botrytis 
A mouldy decay of fruit giving a dusty 
appearance. Not serious. 
Stem Rot 
Nectria ipomoeae Hals. 
The stem rot fungus of sweet potato 
has been described upon egg plant by Dr. 
Halsted. The conidial stage is evidently 
a species of fusarium and it may or may 
not be a different one from that with 
which we have to contend upon the po- 
tato; it is recorded by Dr. Halsted as the 
same that occurs on sweet potato. 
References 
Smith. Delaware Experiment Station 
Bulletin 70. 
A. D. Selby. Ohio Experiment Station 
Bulletin 214. 
Duggar. Fungus Diseases of Plants. 
Smith. California Experiment Station 
Bulletin 218. 
EGG PLANT PESTS 
GREENHOUSE WHuitrt Fry. See Cucum- 
ver Pests. 
HARLEQUIN CABBAGE Buc. See Cabbage 
Pests. 
Rep Spmwrr. See Apple Pests. 
EGYPTIAN Beet ror ALASKA. See Alas- 
ka. 
Eayrpt, IRRIGATION IN. See Irrigation. 
*E. C 
917 
Elderberry 
The elderberry is the purple, black, 
drupaceous fruit of the common elder, 
having a sweet, acidulous taste. The 
shrub belongs to the genus Sambucus of 
the natural order Caprifoliaceae. There 
are about 20 species characterized by op- 
posite pinnate leaves, small white flow- 
ers, usually in compound cymes, and 
black, red, white or green juicy fruits. 
They are not grown largely for home use 
or for the market. They succeed well on 
nearly all varieties of soil, but are found 
more frequently along the streams, in 
rich, sandy loam, and grow successfully 
in nearly all the states. They 
are easily propagated by means of 
root or stem cuttings, and are often 
grown for ornamental purposes, since 
they grow rapidly, are rather graceful in 
appearance, and grow to a height of from 
8 to 12 feet. 
The fruits are used for making pies, 
jellies, and elderberry wine. The wine 
has rather a pleasant taste, and is said to 
have some medicinal properties, especial- 
ly for asthmatics. 
*In considering the possibilities of the 
elderberry it is well to first mention its 
good points. 
1. Late blooming, being absolutely be- 
yond danger of late spring frosts. 
2. Sure cropping. I think that there 
has not been a failure of the wild elder- 
berry crop for 30 years. 
3. Freedom from disease. So far I 
have not noticed any disease on the el- 
berberry. 
4. Freedom from insects. So far as I 
know there is only one insect trouble- 
some to the elderberry. 
5. Ease of gathering the fruit. The 
berries grow in large bunches, easily pick- 
ed and there are no disagreeable thorns 
to interfere with the operation. 
6. Time of ripening. The elderberry 
ripens just after the blackberries are 
gone and fills in a period otherwise with- 
out berries. 
There are some bad features about 
the plant, chief to be mentioned being the 
Pellett, Iowa State Horticultural So- 
ciety, 1909. 
