974 
use may always be made during the sum- 
mer when the different deciduous and 
evergreen subjects may each and all be 
readily seen to the best advantage, when 
their leaves are fully expanded. At such 
times, too, any defects may be noted for 
remedying at some later period. 
Conifers and all evergreen trees may 
be used to good advantage and should be, 
where plenty of space is available, planted 
in large groups, so as to avoid a patchy 
appearance. Consideration should be 
given to the location of summer trees with 
particular individuality, so that they can 
show the same to the best advantage dur- 
ing the whole of the season. Again, 
many of the trees or shrubs which have 
different color of bark or foliage should 
be grouped so that they will emphasize 
their particular feature and the particu- 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
lar season at which these features may 
show to the best advantage. 
A water effect is one of the most pleas- 
ing and almost essential features of a fine 
landscape, whether it is a lake or river 
effect; either will go a long way toward 
the effectual natural planting and making 
of a fine landscape. Many times good ef- 
fects can be worked out by utilizing 
springs or small rivulets where there were 
practically no water effects formerly. In 
water scenes, the judicious planting of 
trees and shrubs on the borders or isl- 
ands will greatly enhance the natural 
landscape and many water plants may be 
introduced to make the effect more gar- 
denesque. 
In the planting of small estates or home 
grounds, the mistake generally made is 
the scattering too much of the trees and 
Fig. 8. 
Viburnum pubesceus. 
