978 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
cascades with their 
strange ornaments, his groves full of 
architecture and gilt trellises, his pro- 
fusion of statues, all these wonders, 
springing up in a desert-looking open 
country, dazzled and enchanted every 
class of observers.” The principal works 
of Le Notre are Versailles, which cost 
nearly 200 million francs, Trianon, St. 
Cloud, Chantilly, and the celebrated ter- 
race of Saint Germain. He went to Italy 
and England, and the rest of Europe 
adopted his style. He died in 1700. 
The Romans abandoned England to the 
Saxons in the beginning of the fifth cen- 
fountains and 
tury and theart of gardening, which had 
revived in France under Charlemagne, 
was probably introduced into England 
at the end of the eleventh century. Dur- 
ing the following centuries, until after 
the hundred years of dispute between 
the houses of York and Lancaster, we 
find little or no record of gardening 
until the time of Henry VIII. when the 
royal gardens of “Nonsuch” were laid 
out. These gardens were said to have 
been cut and divided into several alleys, 
quarters and rounds, set about with 
thorn hedges. On the north side was a 
kitchen garden surrounded by a wall 
Fig. 10. 
White Fringe (Chionanthes virginica) 
