GOOSEBERRY 
mulching with straw is sometimes advis- 
able to keep the soil cool. 
“As the gooseberry makes much more 
wood than it is desirable to leave, severe 
pruning is necessary. English varieties 
are usually trained to a single stem, but 
this is not necessary, although the freer 
circulation of air when trained in this 
way may help to prevent the spread of 
mildew The usual custom in America is 
to grow the gooseberry in bush form. The 
bush should at first be brought into a 
good shape by leaving a few of the strong- 
est shoots regularly distributed to make 
an open head. Five or six of these shoots 
are quite sufficient to leave at first. As 
the bush gets older, new shoots are al- 
lowed to grow to take the place of the 
older ones, as the pruning should be done 
with a view to having only vigorous bear- 
ing wood. Fruit is borne on year-old 
wood and from spurs on older wood It 
usually is not desirable to have any wood 
more than three years old The best time 
to prune is in the autumn or winter. 
The weakest young shoots should be cut 
off at the ground, also all the stronger 
voung shoots not required for fruiting or 
to take the place of the older branches to 
be cut away. The side shoots from the 
older branches should be headed back or 
cut out altogether so as to maintain a fair- 
ly open head, making it as easy as pos- 
sible to pick the fruit and yet leaving suf- 
ficient wood to produce a good crop and to 
shade the fruit from the sun, as in a 
hot, dry time gooseberries are liable to be 
injured by scalding. When branches are 
more than three years of age they should 
be removed to make way for younger 
wood. It is advisable to cut out all 
branches which touch the ground as there 
will then be a better circulation of air, 
and the fruit will be kept off the ground. 
Gooseberries will often begin to bear the 
second year after planting, but there will 
not be a full crop until the fourth sea- 
son. If the soil is kept in good condi- 
tion by an annual application of well 
rotted barnyard manure in the autumn, 
harrowed in the following spring, and 
if the bushes are kept sprayed and well 
pruned, the plantation will not need to 
be renewed for many years.” 
1079 
Varieties 
The list of American gooseberries 
recommended by Card, 1s as follows: 
Apex, Champion, Downing, Excelsior, 
Houghton, Hudson, Jewitt, Orange, Pale 
Red, Pearl, Red Jacket, Smith, Strubler, 
Tree, Victoria 
Hybrids or Unclassified Varieties 
Cedar Hill, Crystal, Hale Golden, Moun- 
tain, Newell Seedling, Orange Jumbo, 
Stein. 
English Gooseberries 
Blucher, Chautauqua, Columbus, Crown 
Bob, Dominion, Excellent, Frontenac, [n- 
dustry, Jolly Angler, Keepsake, Lady Pop- 
ham, Lancashire Lad, Leveler, Lord Bea- 
consfield, Matchless, Portage, Puyallup, 
Queen of the Whites, Red Champagne, 
Red Jacket, Red Warrington, Smiling 
Beauty, Spineless, Stockwell, Success, Sul- 
phur, Sunset, Tally Ho, Thumper, Tri- 
umph, Wellington Glory, White Eagle, 
White Smith. 
Originated by Dr. Wm. Saunders 
Perhaps no American has done so much 
to improve the gooseberry as Dr. Wm. 
Saunders, of the Dominion Experiment 
farm, Canada. The following varieties 
are due to his patient toil and intelli- 
gence, as the best of his productions: 
Deacon, Richland, Mabel, Duncan, AI- 
ma, Pearle, Flora, Silvia, Ralph, Red 
Jacket, Gibb, Rideau, Ruth, Saunders. 
Recommended by the 
American Pomologieal Society 
Recommended by the American Pomo- 
logical Society for the United States and 
Canada: 
*District No. 1 
SUCCESSFUL: Industry, White Smith, 
Josselyn, Smith. 
VERY SUCCESSTUL: Downing, Houghton, 
Pearl. 
RECOMMENDED TOR TRIAL: Columbus, 
Keepsake. 
District No. 2 
SuccessFuL: Chautauqua, Columbus, 
Crown Bob, Industry, Wellington, White 
* See Page 192. 
