GRAPE PESTS 
out the United States. It is very com- 
mon in the Eastern and Middle Western 
states, but there is a striking difference 
in habits between the insect there and 
what is considered the same species in 
California. In the East, the leaf is sim- 
ply folded over on the upper surface and 
the edges sewed down by strands of silk. 
There the larva feeds by eating off the 
upper surface of the leaf, thus skeleton- 
izing it. In California the leaf is very dis- 
stinctly rolled, and instead of eating off 
the upper surface it feeds on the free 
edge. 
The moth is nearly an inch across the 
expanded wings, and is black with white 
markings. There are two white spots on 
each wing, those on the posterior wings 
being larger, and in some specimens fus- 
ing into a single large spot. There are 
also two white bands across the abdomen, 
one about the center and one near the 
tip. The wings are also bordered with a 
fringe of white, and the tarsi and apical 
half of the antennae are white. 
Control Measure 
The oniy control measure which is 
likely to prove effective is to spray with 
an arsenical before the rolling of the leaf 
is commenced, so that they may be 
obliged to eat the poison, even though 
they are within the rolled portion. If 
they are not too abundant, hand picking 
or simply crushing the folded portion of 
the leaves will be the most practical. 
H. J. QUAYLE, 
California Experiment Station Bulletin 192. 
Grapevine Hoplia 
*Hoplia callipyge Lec. 
Family Scarabaeidae 
General Appearance 
The adult beetles vary from five-six- 
teenths to three-eighths of an inch in 
length. The head and thorax are dark 
brown, being the darkest portions of the 
entire body. They are often covered with 
fine golden pubescence, giving them a 
mottled appearance. The wing covers or 
elytra are brown—nearly as dark as the 
* Another species, Hoplia sackenii Lec., also 
occurs in the central and southern part of the 
state and works upon the grapevine. 
Hoplia pubicollis Lee. is lighter in color than 
H. callipyge Lec. and occurs in the Sierra foot- 
hills, but apparently is not a pest. 
1135 
Fig. 1. The Grapevine Hoplia (Hoplia cal- 
lipyge Lee.), Showing Dorsal and Ventral 
Aspects. 
head and thorax or considerably lighter 
in some species. They are also pubescent 
and often appear white mottled, due to 
the fact that the fine hair or powder is 
removed in certain places. The entire 
ventral surface, excepting the head, is 
beautifully iridescent silvery green, as 
are also the blunt posterior end of the ab- 
domen, the coxae and femora of the legs. 
The rest of the legs and antennae are 
brown. The larvae are white grubs and 
live in the soil. 
Life History 
The life history of this beetle has not 
been worked out, but it probably re- 
sembles that of the other chafers. The 
glossy white eggs are laid in old pas- 
tures. The grubs feed upon the plant 
roots and grow very slowly, requiring 
from one to two years to become full 
grown. They remain in the larval or 
pupal stage throughout the winter and 
emerge as adult beetles early in the 
spring and attack many kinds of vegeta- 
tion. ' 
Food Plants 
The usual food appears to be the young 
buds and older foliage of rose bushes, 
