GUAM—GUAVA—HAZELNUT OR FILBERT 
considerable population. It was ceded to 
the United States in 1898. The remainder 
of the group belongs to Germany. It is 
29 miles long and from three to ten miles 
wide, and is said to have about 200 square 
miles of territory. 
On the east side it is high and precip- 
itous, slopes off to a low plateau on the 
north and is mountainous in the south. 
It is estimated that about 1 per cent 
of the soil is now in cultivation, and that 
about 50 per cent, or one-half, is arable. 
The island is heavily wooded and except 
for a few clearings may be said to be 
an almost impenetrable jungle. The tim- 
ber is valuable for fine furniture, ship- 
building and ornamental work. 
The fruit industry of the island is un- 
developed, although there are valuable 
native fruits. The cocoanut is the finest 
in the world, and pineapples, bread fruit, 
sour sop, custard apples, bananas, melons 
and other tropical fruits grow luxuri- 
antly. 
ntly GRANVILLE LOWTHER 
Guava 
The guava is a tropical fruit of an 
American tree of the myrtle family. 
There are two varieties, the red guava 
and the white guava, by some regarded 
as distinct species. One is called Pisi- 
dium Guaiava pomiferum; the other 
Pisidium Guaiava pyriferum. 
The fruit of the first variety or species 
mentioned resembles the apple, and the 
second resembles the pear. The name 
came from the Mexican guayaba. The 
species which produces the bulk of the 
guava fruit of commerce is a tree from 
15 to 20 feet in height, with short-stalked 
or ovate leaves inclined to be oblong, 
strongly marked veins and covered with 
a soft tomentum or down. The flowers 
are borne on auxiliary stalks, and the 
fruits vary much in size, shape and color, 
numerous forms and _ varieties being 
known and cultivated. The variety most 
widely cultivated is the “‘white guava,” 
whose fruits are pear shaped, about the 
size of a hen’s egg, covered with a thin 
white or yellowish skin filled with soft 
pulp of a yellowish color and having a 
sweet-acid and somewhat aromatic taste. 
1143 
The pulp of the apple-shaped variety, 
sometimes called the red variety, is 
darker in color and not so fine in flavor. 
However, both kinds are used in the 
making of guava jelly and guava cheese, 
which are manufactured in the West In- 
dies and exported to the different coun- 
tries of Europe. 
Guavas are not largely grown in the 
United States, but experiments justify 
their planting in the following districts. 
(See page 192.) 
District No. 17 
RECOMMENDED—Dessert, Kitchen and 
Market: Cattley (Strawberry). Kitchen 
and Market: Chinese (Mexican). 
District No. 18 
RECOMMENDED—Dessert, Kitchen and 
Market: Cattley (Strawberry). Kitchen 
and Market: Chinese (Mexican). 
HAWTHORNE: See Apple, History of. 
Hazelnut or Filbert 
This nut is a genus Corylus of shrubs 
and trees of the order Cupuliferae and 
grows almost wholly in the Northern 
hemisphere. The male flowers are long 
and cylindrical, a spike shape some- 
times designated as ament or catkin. 
Hazels, alders, certain varieties of wil- 
lows and poplars, have similar flowers. 
Upper 
Hazelnut from the 
Washington. 
Native 
Wenas, 
Fig. 1. 
The nut is marked at its base with a 
scar or cicatrix. The flowers on the stem 
of the hazel are developed the year pre- 
ceding their appearance; the male flow- 
ers last over winter naked, the female 
enclosed in a bud. In early spring the 
male catkins elongate and produce an 
abundance of dry pollen, while the female 
flowers are distinguished from the leaf 
buds only by their larger size and pro- 
jecting red stigmas. 
