1146 
HAZELNUT PESTS 
Hazelnut Weevil 
Balaninus obtusus Blanch. 
*Hazelnuts or filberts are injured in 
much the same manner as are chestnuts 
and pecans and by a similar weevil. (See 
Chestnut Weevils.) In 1891 this weevil 
was reported as badly damaging hazel- 
nuts in Iowa. 
The beetle differs from others which 
attack edible nuts, exclusive of acorns, 
by its shorter, more robust form and 
shorter beak. It is about one-fourth of 
an inch in length, and the beak does 
not exceed half the length of the body. 
The vestiture varies from gray to och- 
reous, and the elytra are moderately mot- 
tled. 
This species occurs from Massachusetts 
and New Hampshire westward to Minne- 
sota and Texas. Injury has becn noted 
in Massachusetts, New York, Indiana, 
Iowa and Minnesota. 
Remedies 
Since hazels are not cultivated in this 
country to any extent, no remedy need 
be employed other than gathering entire 
crops and destroying isolated bushes 
where it is unprofitable to gather the 
nuts. It would be quite possible, owing 
to the small size of the hazel plant, to 
control this species by jarring, as for the 
plum curculio. 
Appire Lear Horrrer. See Apple Pests. 
HEADING TREE IN NuSury. See Nursery, 
under Appie. 
Hickory Nut 
The hickory is a group of the walnut 
family Juglans and belongs to the genus 
Hicoria or Carya. It grows naturally in 
North America, exclusively, where it is 
found in several species and varieties. 
The trees are large, growing sometimes 
to 100 feet or more in height and two to 
three feet in diameter. Its leaves are 
pinnately divided and its flowers  pistil- 
late. The fruit is enclosed in a thick 
shell with a tough green husk which 
opens when ripe and permits the fruit 
with its shell to easily drop out. 
* Bureau of Entomology Circular 99 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
About ten species of hickory have been 
tabulated by botanists, only five of which 
have any commercial value. These may 
be arranged as follows: 
1. The shag bark, or white hickory, 
Hickoria ovata, a species in which large 
loose layers of bark form on the outside 
of the tree containing an oily substance 
which made it of value to the pioneers 
in the kindling of fires, or in producing 
a quick, intensive heat. The nuts of this 
species are sweeter than those of any 
other species, but on account of the hard 
shell in which the kernel is encased it 
has not become so popular as the pecan. 
2. The black hickory, Hicoria lacinwosa, 
has a shag bark, but the shags are short- 
er and narrower than the “shag bark,” 
and for this reason it is called “shell- 
bark.” It also has larger leaves and 
darker wood than the white hickory. 
3. Hicoria abla is noted for the tough- 
ness and hardness of its wood. It is 
sometimes called “broom hickory” be- 
cause the frontier settlers where it grew 
cut the young saplings and made them 
into brooms. 
4. Hickoria glabra, or “pig nut,” rep- 
resents a species that grew along the 
streams or in wet lands whose nuts were 
elongated in form, bitter in taste and cov- 
ered with a thin husk. 
5. Hicoria pecan. For a description 
of this species see Pecan. The other spe- 
cies being of little commercial value are 
not treated in this article. 
HICKORY DISEASES 
Leaf Spot 
Marsonia juglandis (lib.) Sace. 
According to Selby this disease is quite 
general in Ohio, causing a premature 
dying of the leaves. 
Requires further study. 
Root Rot 
Several species of root rot similar to 
those attacking the apple and other fruit 
trees are responsible for the dying of 
hickories. 
Hicxory Nur Pests. See Pecan Pests. 
