1196 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
Farms reporting, 1909 Quantity produced 
PRODUCT 
Per cent of 
Number all farms Unit 1909 1899 
Oc 1,673 0.9 Gals....... 128, 616 491 ,337 
Vinegar... ec eecc cece een ee eeeteeeeenn eeenneeees 1,116 0.6 Gals....... 56,620 249,827 
Wine and grape juice. .... 0... cc cece eee eee cent une eeee 801 0.5 Gals....... 26,625 117,452 
Dried fruits... ....e cc ccceeeeeeeeee teen eteeneeenees } 4s 0.1 Lbs........ ,500 205 ,820 
iat 
Frost and Precipitation in Kansas 
Frost Precipitation 
Average Date of Date of 
Station Annual 
First Last First Last inches 
Killing in in in in 
Autumn Spring Autumn Spring 
Colby....0 .... eee. Oct. 1 May 3 Sept. 7 May 26 18.7 
Concordia..........0 60. Oct. 14 April 24 Sept. 27 May 19 26.8 
Atchison...........05. Oct. 18 April 13 Sept. 29 May 3 37.1 
Minneapolis........... Oct. 10 May 1 Sept. 19 May 23 24.4 
Agricultural Col........ Oct. 13 April 23 Sept. 28 May 20 30.5 
opeka......-.....2 eee. Oct. 13 April 8 Sept. 28 May 19 34.0 
Wallace... ..........0.. Sept. 29 April 27 Sept. 7 May 6 15.1 
MePherson........ .... Oct. 20 April 19 Sept. 28 May 18 32.1 
9 Xe a Oct. 20 April 12 Oct. 6 May 2 38.2 
Garden Citv...... ..... Oct. 4 May 2 Sept. 7 May 26 19.6 
Dodge... . Oct. 15 April 17 Sept. 23 May 19 20.3 
Mackville......... .... Oct. 3 May 1 Sept. 20 May 26 22.9 
Hutchinson........... .| Oct. 15 April 10 Sept. 23 May 3 28.2 
Wichita ....... ae Oct. 18 April 8 Sept. 23 April 30 30.4 
Eureka Ranch... ... . Sept. 30 May 5 Sept. 12 May 26 20.3 
Viroqua........ cee Oct. 22 April 17 Sept. 23 May 2 17.6 
Kaglewood.......... ...} Oct. 19 April 13 Sept. 18 May 25 20.6 
Independence... . .. Oct. 26 April 11 Oct. 1 May 20 37.1 
Columbus............... Oct. 25 April 6 Oct. 9 April 18 44.6 
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Kentucky 
Kentucky is 458 miles from east to 
west and varies from 40 to 171 miles 
from north to south. The surface is 
mainly a plateau averaging about 800 
feet above the sea, gradually sloping to- 
ward the northwest from the Cumberland 
and Pine mountain ranges in the east, 
which rise to a height of 2,000 to 3,500 
feet. The Cumberland valley is one of 
the most noted valleys in the eastern 
states. It is fifteen miles wide, seventy- 
five miles long and from 1,000 to 1,500 
feet above sea level. It is a part of the 
great blue-grass region underlaid by a 
limestone formation which extends from 
east to west across several states. This 
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district was at one time the bed of a vast 
lake of the lower silurian period on the 
floor of which were laid several sede- 
mentary deposits called upper silurian, 
devonian, sub-carboniferous and carbon- 
iferous, from 3,000 to 5,000 feet deep. The 
great Appalachian uplift raised this 
formation some 5,000 feet, the surface 
forming a dome in the center. Then the 
process of washing, erosion and disinte- 
gration began carrying these materials 
toward the basins, valleys and plains. 
There are about one thousand square 
miles of deep alluvium soil in the river 
bottoms of Kentucky. The blue-grass 
region contains about ten thousand 
square miles and is self-fertilized by the 
decomposition of limestone and phos- 
