LAWS—HORTICULTURAL 
On reading subsections (b), (ii) care- 
fully, it will be seen that the packer 
should aim in packing grade No. 1 to dis- 
card every injured or defective fruit, and 
not to deliberately include 10 per cent 
of inferior specimens. This margin is 
meant to make the work of grading 
easier and more rapid than if absolute 
perfection were exacted. Ten per cent 
is presumed to be the margin within 
which an honest packer can do rapid 
work, using every endeavor to make each 
specimen conform to the general stand- 
ard for the grade. 
Even the 20 per cent margin in grade 
No. 2 must be composed of specimens 
not less than nearly medium size, includ- 
ing no culls. 
The Act makes no restriction as to 
the quality of fruit which is marked “No. 
8.” 
The owner at the time of packing is 
responsible if the face of each package 
does not represent the contents as re- 
quired by section 321, subsection (c). 
Over-facing is an offense against the 
Act, which is most severely dealt with 
by the courts. 
(d) For the Foreman of the Packing 
Gang 
Whether he is putting up his own 
fruit or that of another person, the man 
who does the packing is required, by sec- 
tion 4 of the Order in Council printed 
above, to pack the fruit in accordance 
with the law. He should read the whole 
Act carefully, but should give section 
321 special attention. If he violates these 
requirements, he is liable to the fine 
specified in section 5 of the Order in 
Council. 
(e) For the Apple Operator 
The apple operator for his own pro- 
tection should see that his workmen are 
familiar with the Inspection and Sale 
Act, Part IX. 
Section 4 of the Order in Council is a 
special protection for the apple operator 
against carlessness or fraudulent work 
upon the part of his packers. 
Where the apple operator buys apples 
already packed, he should note particu- 
1203 
larly that the fruit is marked as required 
by section 320. 
To avoid possible complications in case 
of fraudulent packing, all contracts 
should stipulate clearly whether the ap- 
ples are purchased packed in barrels or 
whether they are purchased to be packed 
by the buyer. 
Apples should not be bought or sold 
with the stipulation, “subject to govern- 
ment inspection.” There is no such 
thing as “government inspection,” mean- 
ing a “certificate” or “report” guaran- 
teeing the quality of a particular lot of 
fruit. 
HORTICULTURAL LAWS OF OREGON 
(From Lord's Oregon Laws ) 
The State Board of Horticulture 
Section 5470. Board of Horticulture 
Constituted. 
There is hereby created a board of 
horticulture, to consist of six members, 
who shall be appointed by a board con- 
sisting of the Governor, Secretary of 
State and State Treasurer. One member 
of the said board of horticulture shall 
represent the state at large and shall be 
the president and executive officer of the 
board and one member shall be appoint- 
ed to represent each of the five districts 
as hereby created, to-wit: (1) The first 
district which shall comprise the coun- 
ties of Multnomah, Clackamas, Yamhill, 
Washington, Columbia, Clatsop and Tilla- 
mook; (2) The second district which 
shall comprise the counties of Marion, 
Polk, Benton, Lincoln, Linn and Lane; 
(8) The third district which shall com- 
prise the counties of Douglas, Jackson, 
Klamath, Josephine, Coos, Curry and 
Lake; (4) The fourth district which shall 
comprise the counties of Wasco, Sher- 
man, Morrow, Gilliam and Crook; (5) 
the fifth district which shall comprise 
the counties of Umatilla, Union, Wal- 
lowa, Baker, Malheur, Harney and Grant. 
(L. 1889, p. 126, Sec. 1; L. 1891, p. 174, 
Sec. 1; L. 1895, p. 38, Sec. 1; L. 1899, p. 
55, Sec. 1; B. & C., Sec. 4176.) 
Section 5471. Residence of Members— 
Terms of Office—Duties of President. 
The members shall reside in the dis- 
tricts for which they are respectively ap- 
