LOGANBERRY—CULTURE IN THE WILLAMETTE VALLEY 
road so as to save as much turning as 
possible with the teams. 
Camping Facilities for Pickers 
(4) This is important in every large 
yard where pickers have to come and 
camp. It is much easier to get pickers 
to come where they have a good place to 
camp in the shade, as the picking season 
is during the hottest part of the year 
when families are glad to get out of the 
cities and camp out. Convenience to the 
yard, good water and dry wood are all 
important in getting and keeping pick- 
ers. 
Protection from Frosts 
(5) The ordinary precautions observed 
in selecting a site for an orchard should 
be taken here. Where a yard is pro- 
tected by trees it is less apt to freeze 
during a hard winter or late spring than 
in the open. 
Shipping Facilities 
(6) This is important, especially if 
the berries are to be shipped fresh, as 
hauling them over rough roads makes 
them settle and bruises them so they will 
spoil sooner; besides, it is considerable 
expense to haul for several miles to a 
shipping point. It is much more con- 
venient to get pickers when near a sta- 
tion, as they usually come a few at a 
time for several days until the berries 
get ripe enough to keep a full force busy 
picking them. 
Wood 
(7) Wood on the place is important 
if the berries are to be evaporated, as it 
requires about a cord or a little more 
for each ton of evaporated berries. It 
is also necessary to have wood for camp- 
ers to burn. 
Good Plants 
(8) It is almost impossible to make 
a success of raising loganberries without 
good plants to start with. It is important 
that they have good roots and are set 
out without becoming wilted or heated. 
There are two kinds of plants sold, viz.: 
eye or bud plants and tip plants, which 
are obtained by burying only the tip 
end of the vine, in the fall of the year. 
These make a much stronger plant and 
are the only kind that should be set out. 
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Transplants are young plants that are 
nurseried out in the spring of the year 
and have one year’s growth; but I pre- 
fer a good tip plant to anything else as 
it is not stunted by being grown one 
year in a row too crowded, and when once 
started the roots are not disturbed. If 
it is practicable the plants should be 
dug with a little dirt on the roots and 
set out as soon as possible. Where good 
plants are not obtainable close enough 
So they can be hauled they should be 
packed in good condition so they will 
neither heat nor dry out before arriving 
at destination. Where shipment is made 
for some distance transplants are pre- 
ferred by some growers. 
Preparation of Ground 
For the best success the ground should 
be plowed in the fall and again in the 
spring and thoroughly worked up and 
put in the best of condition. Do not 
try to rush matters and work the ground 
after the plants are set out, but get it 
in good shape first. The fall plowing 
should be from 10 inches to a foot deep 
and in the spring about six or eight 
inches deep. After it igs all prepared in 
good condition, mark both ways with a 
marker, making the rows eight feet each 
way and set out where they cross. This 
is the fastest way, as one man can dig 
holes with a shovel for about five to set 
out, setting out in good condition about 
Six acres a day. Some use a wire for 
lining up the rows, which is a good plan 
on a small yard but is much slower. 
In setting them out take a good shovel- 
ful of dirt out and put the plant in, 
spreading the roots out in good order and 
packing the dirt in around them by hand, 
so as to keep them from drying out. Af- 
ter the plants are set out they should 
be worked both ways during the first 
summer once each week with a disc har- 
row or spring-tooth, followed by a clod 
masher when the weather is at all dry. 
It is best never to try to raise anything 
between the rows the first year, as it is 
harder to cultivate during the summer, 
and in harvesting the crop the vines are 
usually injured to considerable extent; 
besides scarcely any two crops need cul- 
