1248 
can handle the berries for 100 or 125 
pickers in this way if everything is con- 
venient. In large yards of 100 acres or 
more the hauling could probably be done 
better and cheaper with a flat-top spring 
wagon or an auto truck. 
A good average crop of loganberries, 
taking it one year with another for sev- 
eral years, is about four tons or a lit- 
tle more of fresh fruit to the acre, al- 
though with proper care on good land 
they frequently yield as high as six or 
seven tons. 
Evaporation 
There are several kinds of evaporators, 
but I prefer either a stack or tunnel dry- 
er. A good stack dryer with a good lift 
is very good and will give good service, 
but is more expensive than a tunnel dry- 
er. 
There are many different styles of tun- 
nel dryers built, but unless one knows 
just what kind he wants he should get 
an experienced man to make the plans 
and build it, as it is necessary to get 
them about right to get the best results. 
It requires about 30 trays 25x42 inches 
to handle the berries from an acre of 
land. The trays should be made of 4- 
mesh galvanized gray cloth and be well 
braced to keep them from sagging. 
Three or 344-mesh cloth will do, but if 
the finer mesh can be obtained it will 
be more satisfactory. It requires from 
20 to 30 hours to dry loganberries with 
the heat at about 140 degrees. A man 
who understands the business should be 
in charge of the drying, as it is an easy 
matter to spoil several dollars worth of 
berries in a very few minutes’ time. Af:- 
ter the berries are evaporated they 
should be binned in a dark bin and 
shoveled over each day till they do not 
pack any more or they will pack and 
mold. 
It requires from 5 to 53% pounds of 
fresh loganberries to make one pound 
evaporated, depending largely on the con- 
dition of the fruit when picked. If it is 
a little green it will take more pounds 
of fresh fruit than if fully ripe when 
picked. The cost of evaporation is va- 
riously estimated at from $30 to $75 per 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRACTICAL HORTICULTURE 
ton of evaporated fruit. Of course it de- 
pends largely on the size of the evapor- 
ators and the amount of fruit handled, 
but I believe the cost for evaporating in 
a yard of 20 acres or more can be re- 
duced to $40 per ton or lower by run- 
ning a double 12-hour shift, using three 
men in the day and two at night. It 
would probably require a little extra 
help some days during the busiest part 
of the season and less help to wind up 
with. 
The daily output from a 20-acre yard 
will average about 1,000 pounds of evap- 
orated berries daily, of course running 
considerably more during the heaviest 
picking and less during the fore and lat- 
ter parts of the season. It takes a lit- 
tle over a cord of wood to the ton of 
evaporated fruit, and the man in charge 
of the drying for each shift will prob- 
ably ask about $4.00 per day of 12 hours 
and the other help can usually be had 
for $200 or $2.50 per day. We run our 
shifts from midnight till noon, except the 
regular day help. 
The cost of a good stack dryer for a 
yard of 10 acres would be about $1,000, 
depending, of course on the kind of build- 
ing put up and cost of material, and a 
tunnel dryer would be probably $200 less. 
For an acreage of 15 acres or more I 
would recommend a tunnel dryer, as the 
cost is considerably less and the cost of 
handling the fruit is also less. The cost 
of a tunnel dryer for an acreage of 20 
acres or more can be figured at about $50 
for each acre of berries. A dryer with 
10 34-foot tunnels should handle 50 acres 
if the tunnels are built with a drop of 
1% or 2 inches to the foot and with a 
good draught. 
Pruning Vines 
As soon as the picking season is over 
and the old vines are ripe they should 
be cut off at the ground and pulled out, 
throwing them between the rows where 
they can be cut up by running over them 
several times with a sharp disc harrow. 
As soon as the old vines are out the new 
ones should be trained up on the wires 
ready for the next crop. If this is done 
soon after picking it is much easier, as 
