MAINE 
Cultivation in the Station orchard has 
consisted in keeping the orchard as clean 
as possible, and no fertilization has been 
given except an occasional crop of peas. 
Frequent use of the cultivator, and plow- 
ing when necessary, has accomplished 
1253 
this fairly well. In the rainy portion of 
the summer it has been difficult to fol- 
low, and it is probable that some injury 
may have resulted by later cultivation, 
which seemed to be necessary. 
GRANVILLE LOWTHER 
Frost and Precipitation in Louisiana 
ererpneanennnaeaaaiaattat enh libimtmamaiosmyaeet ale 
Frost Precipitation 
Average Date of Date of 
Station Annual 
First Last First Last inches 
Killing in in in in 
Autumn pring Autumn Spring 
Shreveport... Nov. ll Mar. 4 Oct. 20 April 2 46.1 
ONTOe..........04. Nov. 7 Mar. 15 Oct. 10 Mar. 29 47.5 
Lake Providence ... Nov. 8 Mar. 14 Oct. 15 Mar. 30 50.9 
Alexandria.......... ..| Nov. 8 Mar. 12 Oct. 19 April 9 54.9 
Melville............ 0.0. Nov. 38 Mar. 12 Oct. 10 Mar. 29 53.6 
Baton Rouge... ...... Nov. 21 Feb. 28 Oct. 27 Mar. 20 54.6 
Amite...........00 cen. Nov. 6 Mar. 16 Oct. 19 April I 60.1 
Lake Charles..... . ... Nov. 28 Feb. 24 Nov. 4 Mar. 29 53.3 
New Ileria...... ....... Nov. 30 Feb. 24 Nov. 3 Mar. 20 53.7 
New Orleans. .... .. ..| Dee. 15 Jan. 24 Nov. 11 Mar. 27 57.6 
Port Eads.............. Dec. 20 Jan. 26 Dec. 5 Mar. 17 55.2 
LUELLING, HenprrRSoN. See History of 
Orcharding in Old Oregon, under Apple. 
Maine 
The surface of the state of Maine is 
gently rolling, forming a part of the 
“New England Uplands.” Above these 
uplands rise isolated mountain peaks and 
clusters of peaks from 3,000 to 5,200 feet 
in height in contrast with numerous 
river valleys, level uplands and lakes, 
making a setting of beautiful scenery, 
which, together with its cool climate, 
invites many summer visitors with tents, 
cottages and summer homes to many 
parts of the state. The needs of this 
summer population have given a new 
impulse to market gardening and horti- 
culture, especially of the varieties of 
fruits adapted to the summer markets. 
Geologists say that there was a period 
of general uplift which caused the rivers 
to cut below the general uplands and de- 
veloped well-marked valleys for them- 
selves. Then came the period of great 
continental glaciation. The glacier or 
ice sheet overran all Maine, irregularly 
scouring out the bedrock to produce rock 
basins, damming up many river valleys 
with glacial deposits and completely dis- 
arranging the drainage lines. This is 
the origin of the numerous lakes in 
Maine, the largest of which is Moosehead 
lake of about 120 square miles, making 
possible the production of fruits which 
would otherwise be too tender for that 
latitude. 
The principal commercial fruit of 
Maine is the apple, of which, according 
to the census of 1910, there were 3,476,- 
616 trees. The census of 1900 showed 
4,184,781, showing a decrease in the num- 
ber of trees of 708,165. 
The counties producing the largest 
number of bearing trees are: Oxford, 
444,529: Kennebec, 409,593; Androscog- 
gin, 376,746; Franklin, 374,464; Penob- 
scot, 283,223; Cumberland, 269,658; Sum- 
merset, 258,985; York, 237,242; Waldo, 
206,251. 
