72 BUTTERFLY COLLECTOR'S 



obsen-cd a Titmouse (Pants Major) take five or six large 

 ones to its uest in a very few minutes. In enclosed gardens 

 Sea-gulls, >vith their wings cut, are of infinite service. I had 

 one eight years, which was killed by accident, that lived 

 entirely all the while upon the insects, slugs, and worms he 

 found in the garden. Poultry of any sort will soon clear a 

 small piece of ground ; but unless they are of tlie web-footed 

 kind, they do much damage by scratching the earth." It is 

 the general custom of gardeners to collect and destroy these 

 Caterpillars with great care. The time of the female Butter- 

 fly laying her eggs lasts but a few days, if the plants were at 

 that time watched, it would be easy to take them by the 

 help of the net. The numbers of the parent insect who live 

 out the winter being very few. Bonnet states that the pupa; 

 of P. Brasskai exposed to a frost of 14" R. below zero 

 (O. » F.) became lumps of ice, and yet produced Butterflies. 



PONTIA RAPjE, small WHITE. 



Lewm, pi. '26. Duncan, pi. 7, Jig. 3. 



Bullerfly. Very much like P. Jirassh<e, but the spots are 

 completely separate ; it differs also in being twice as .small, 

 and in having a diflerent larva. It varies in the spot of the 

 tip, which is sometimes blackish and occasionally cinereous, 

 but always nearer to the costal nervure than in the preced- 

 ing, to which in other re.spccts it is exactly .similar. 



Caterpillar. Green, with a brass-coloured dorsal narrow 

 longitudinal stripe, and sides beset with brass-coloured 

 points. 



Chrysalis. Inclining to green, with three greenish-yellow 

 narrow longitudinal stripes. 



