VADE MECUM. 89 



margin black, marbled, with a series of more black angular 

 spots, a white discoidal dot. 



Caterpillar. Blackish, with yellow lateral stripes. 



Chrysalis. Flesh-coloured. 



Observation. The larx'se of this species, while young, live 

 together under a silken web, which they spin for their pro- 

 tection ; but they disperse after moulting their first skin. 

 The Butterfly, although abundant on the continent, is scarce 

 in many districts of England, 



VANESSA URTICiE, SMALL TORTOISESHELL. 



Ijeioin, pi. 3. Donovan, v. 2, p. 55. Duncan, pi. 19, /ig. 2. 



Buttcrjly. The wings of a pale orange, with a l)lack jios- 

 terior marginal band with a series of blue crescents in it. 

 The posterior margin itself is brown, with two parallel pale 

 lines, the base of the wing black, powdered with tawny. 

 The primary wings above, with the costal areolet mottled 

 with black and tawny, six black, three yellow, and one 

 white spot variegate the wing ; two of the black spots are 

 marginal, two are placed towards the base, and two in the 

 disk, those of the margin being the largest, and those of the 

 disk the smallest. Undemoath they are pale variegated 

 with black, with a black angular posterior band. Secondaiy 

 above, black at the base, and covered with long tawny 

 hairs. Underneath black, with a white discoidal spot and a 

 pale band marbled with brown, between which and the 

 posterior margin is a black angular posterior band. 



Caterpillar. Variegated with dusky brown and green, 

 head black. 



Chrysalis. Brownish, spotted on the neck with gold, some- 

 times entirely of a golden hue. 



