214 



THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



section of this table are robust, with strong wings, 

 and are of medium or large size. In some of the 

 Geometrina (p. 270), which also have a three- 

 branched cubitus, the frenulum is inconspicuous 

 or even in rare cases {Dyspteris) wanting ; these 

 moths can be distinguished from those included 

 here by their smaller size, more slender body, and 



weaker wings), p. 339 Saturniina. 



BB. Antennae thread-like with a knob at the extremity. 

 C. With the radius of the fore wings five-branched, and with all 

 of the branches arising from the discal cell (Fig. 445) ; club of 

 antennae usually terminated by a recurved hook. The Skip- 

 pers, p. 364 Hesperiina. 



CC. With some of the branches of the radius of the fore wings 

 coalesced beyond the apex of the discal cell (Fig. 455) ; club of 

 antennae not terminated by a recurved hook. The Butterflies, 

 p. 373 Papilionina. 



Suborder JUGAT^ (Ju-ga'tae). 



The Jugate {Jii'gate) Lepidoptera, 



The American representatives of this suborder are rare 

 moths, which the student beginning the study of insects is 

 not likely to meet. They can be easily recognized by the 

 pecuHar structure of the hind wings, which resemble the 



fore wings in form and in 

 venation (Fig. 238). In all 

 other Lepidoptera, the two 

 pairs of wings differ in 

 form, and the hind wings 

 are furnished with fewer 

 veins than are the fore 

 wings. 



The most important 

 characteristic of the sub- 

 order, and the one to which 

 its name refers, is the way 



Vila VUi, 

 Fig. 243. — Wings of Hepifilus gracilis. 



in which the two wings of each side are fastened together. 

 There projects backward from the inner margin of the fore 



