MxVNlJAL OF CATTLE-FEEDING. 377 



cable to keep it in winter, and as a consequence the demands 

 of the animals for food, particularly tor non-nitrogenous 

 nutrients, must have been correspondingly less (compare 

 pp. 231-233). In Adew of this fact it is probable that the 

 above numbers sbould be increased somewhat in order to 

 be sure of satisfying the mininunn demands of the animals 

 under average conditions. Wolff recommends the follow- 



•^tj 



Feei>ino Standabd. 



Digestible protein 7 pounds, 



" carbliydrabos and fat ^ 8.4 " 



Nutritive ratio 1 : 12 



Total dry matter, about 17. 5 pounds. 



These quantities of digestible matters are amply suffici- 

 ent in ordinary eases. It is, indeed, probable that the 

 amount of protein might often be decreased slightly with- 

 out occasioning a loss of flesh, while, on the other hand, 

 exposure to great cold might cause a demand for more 

 carbhydrates. 



The number for total dry matter indicates that the fodder 

 should be quite bulky, and may appropriately and profit- 

 ably consist of straw, with the addition of some hay or of 

 small quantities of nitroi^enous bye-fodder, either with or 

 without ^t. The quantity of digestible fai is of no 

 great importance in the sim;gle maintenance of oxen. 



The qtiantitie^ of the above feeding standard are per 

 day for it thousand pound animal Lighter animals would 

 require less food of the same quality, and heavier 

 mm aio»* The variation is not quite in proportion to 

 the vr^ight, however* Small animals require more food 

 than large ones in proportion to their weight, since they ex- 

 post i^elttively more surface to radiation and consequently 



