OTHER GERM DISEASES AMONG ANIMALS 309 
The bacillus which produces the disease is named B. mallei. 
It is a short stationary rod which lends itself readily to bacterio- 
logical experiments. It is found to be capable of producing the 
disease in cats, dogs, rats, field mice, and quite a variety of ani- 
mals. It is only slightly pathogenic for the sheep and the mice. 
The pig and the cow seem to be immune from its action. 
Symptomatic Anthrax. Black-leg. Quarter-evil. Rausch- 
brand (B. anthracis symptomatict) —This disease, with its variety 
of names, is extremely common in Europe. It has been rare in 
the United States, but in recent years is becoming more abundant, 
being found as an epidemic in certain herds. It is a disease that 
occurs chiefly among cattle, and is characterized by certain 
irregular swellings in the subcutaneous tissues and muscles. The 
swellings are seen especially over the quarters of the animal, and 
hence the name quarter-evil. The muscles become dark colored 
and bloody (hence the name black-leg), and contain large numbers 
of the bacilli known to cause the disease. It is the cause of con- 
siderable trouble to raisers of cattle, being almost universally 
fatal, although it is not a disease that can be regarded as ex- 
tremely common. 
The organism which produces the disease is well known and is 
named B. anthracis sympiomatict. It is pathogenic for a large 
number of animals when artificially inoculated. Swine, dogs, 
rabbits, fowls, pigeons, guinea-pigs, and horses succumb to the 
disease by inoculation, in addition to cattle, sheep, and goats, in 
which the disease occurs spontaneously. It is most common 
among cattle as a spontaneous affection, and quite rarely occurs in 
sheep and goats. In the horse it is never known to occur spon- 
taneously. So far as known, the bacillus is not pathogenic for 
man, although this has never been demonstrated; but no instance 
has ever been known of man suffering from the infection, even 
though every opportunity for such infection has been offered. 
The disease is, therefore, not regarded as injurious to man. The 
practice of inoculating animals against the disease by a “pre- 
