Care in Planting Trees 175 
deeper than usual, and fill up with looser soil, perhaps mix- 
ing in sand with the clay. Or, at least, exercise care in 
the use of water, not giving more than the soil can readily 
absorb. In in_general, avoid applying water while hile planting 
if the soil Is fresh and moist, ‘except towards t the end of the 
operation, when, before filling in the last two inches or so, 
a deliberate dose may be applied and, after it is soaked in, 
the planting may be finished by firming the soil well with 
the foot and completing the filling of the hole with loose 
soil. Then a few stones, or light mulch, or other cover 
(see page 173) may be placed over the planting ground to 
keep it cool and moist. If dry weather follows, water and 
cultivate. If rainy weather follows, it may become desir- 
able to remove the mulching in order to avoid choking. 
While most trees and shrubs will stand watering all over 
with a sprinkler, and will be grateful for it, the broad-leaved 
evergreens, like rhododendron, resent it, and their foliage 
is apt to “burn,” turning brown. 
ot thers nist ing to size), the trees may be siaked to 
ké€p them undisturbed from _swaying winds, g winds, and to give the 
foot. s “System a chance to e to establish itself, taking c care that the 
tree is attached to the support in such a manner as not to 
be injured by rubbing off the bark in the swaying of the 
wind. Many trees are lost by neglect in staking them, when 
by swaying, contact between soil and root is disturbed, and 
the latter dries out, or else is broken off. 
When planting in fall, especially with smooth-barked 
trees liable to sun-scald, it may become desirable in exposed 
positions to protect the bark by a V-shaped guard or a lath 
screen or a rope of straw, which prevents the drying out. 
Such care in planting, as described, is not by any means 
always taken or always necessary to attain success. Under 
favorable conditions of soil or weather, with vigorous species 
