180 Care in Planting Trees 
intact, filling the ditch with rich garden mold or loam, 
and keeping it well watered. At the same time the tree 
must be suitably braced, and proportionately cut back. 
vill tablished in the rich mold. 
Within _a season or two the tree is ready for transplanting 
with a compact root system It is then ‘best taken up with 
a ball of earth, leaving the new roots undisturbed and, 
where practicable, freezing the ball of earth around them. 
In setting such trees, secure bracing is one of the main points, 
so as to avoid swaying by the winds. 
It is sometimes possible to find large trees fit for transplant- 
ing under such conditions as to make the preparation just 
described unnecessary, and to permit taking up practically 
the entire natural root system, just as from a nursery bed, 
and to transplant with naked roots. But this requires still 
greater care, and since in moving very large trees a consider- 
able amount of mechanical apparatus for safe transporta- 
tion is required in order to prevent injuries, special wagons 
being patented for the purpose, this is altogether a piece 
of work to be entrusted to a specialist, although by keeping 
in mind tree physiology as explained, there is no difficulty 
in it. Increased care not to expose the roots to the air is 
required for conifers, and in these, success can onlv be ex- 
pected with small sizes, or with medium sizes when the 
roots can be kept in continuous soil envelope. 
_ Altogether, the use of large trees is advisable only in rare 
cases; it is expensive and uncertain in results at best, 
although some experts seem to be more than usually 
successful.' 
Perhaps a few words regarding spacing of trees, in addi- 
tion to what has been said in regard to spacing of street 
1See Isaac Hicks & Son, Westbury Station, N. Y., and Peterson Nurs- 
ery Co., Chicago, who make a specialty of transplanting large trees. 
