218 Trees for Shade and Ornament 
Chamecyparis. (By some classed with Cupressus, and some forms 
called Retinispora.) Cedar. A genus of medium size to tall, highly 
ornamental trees, with five species (but nearly one hundred nursery 
men’s forms) which are characterized by the broad, flattened sprays of 
foliage, and pyramidal habit, with erect branches. The foliage is very 
variable, and changes with age; the young form, which largely gives 
rise to the many nursery forms (Refzntspora, formerly called Retino- 
spora)is linear and sometimes sharp-pointed. ‘These latter are especially 
fine in masses. With the exception of (6), which is native as far north 
as Maine, the other two species from the Pacific Coast and the Japanese 
forms, are only semi-hardy north of New York. Moist, sandy soil is 
generally preferable; they are somewhat shade-enduring. 
C. spheroidea Spach. (thuyoides) (6), White Cedar, is especially 
well developed in New Jersey and southward along the coast; a medium- 
sized, graceful tree, of spreading habit, with light green foliage, re- 
sembling the Arborvite. 
C. Lawsoniana Parl. (7), Lawson’s Cypress, from the northern Pa- 
cific Coast, is the best known ornamental species, excelling in its 
graceful foliage and pendulous branch tips — an Arborvite foliage with 
Hemlock habit. It is extremely variable, giving rise to over sixty forms, 
with varieties in color and habit. It is best used as single specimen 
on the lawn and especially near water. 
C. Nootkensis Spach. (8), the Alaska Yellow Cedar, is hardly yet 
introduced for ornamental planting, but claims attention. 
C. obtusa S. & Z. (9), and pisifera S. & Z. (10), the two Japanese 
species, the former quite hardy, the latter less so, are better known in 
their varieties under the name of Retinispora and dwarf forms, 
among which especially the feathery plumosa (10a) and the sil- 
very blue —— squarrosa (10b), excel in elegance; nana (dwarf) 
(roc), and —— pygme@a (pygmy) (10d) in low stature, with several 
brilliant —— aurea (10c) (golden) varieties. They are fit for small 
places. 
C’. obtusa generally furnishes the potted Japanese dwarf trees. 
Thuja or Thuya (including Biota), Arborvite, also called White 
Cedar, are tall to medium size, rapid growing trees of regular, formal, 
conical habit with short, much ramified branches. Their formality is 
such that they may not be planted in masses except as screens or wind- 
breaks, or for hedges, for which they are well adapted, as they bear 
pruning well. They are especially effective near the border of water, 
