Cedars and Cypresses 219 
or in single specimens on prominent points. They are adapted to a 
variety of soils and easily transplanted. 
T. occidentalis Linn. (11) is our native northern Arborviie or White 
Cedar, a medium-sized tree, narrowly conical, with compact head, 
which furnishes a large number of useful nurserymen’s varieties with 
variegated foliage, dwarf habit, 
etc. The foliage is pale green, 
becoming brownish in winter. 
It is fine for avenue planting 
and also makes a perfect 
hedge. 
T. gigantea Nutt. (12), the 
Pacific Coast Giant Arborvite, 
reaches a height of over two 
hundred feet, grows very rap- 
idly, and is most beautiful; 
the short, closely set, horizontal 
branches are pendulous at the 
tip. Coming from a moist, 
mild climate, it can be used 
only for southern planting, un- 
less the seed is brought from 
Montana. 
The Japanese I. Japonica 
Maxim. (13), semi-hardy in the 
north, and the Persian T. ort- 
enialis Linn. (14), fit only for 
southern ranges, offer hardly 
any superior points. Fic. 62 —Tom Thumb or Japanese 
Thuyopsis. T. dolobrata  Arborvitae. Thuyopsis dolobrata nana 
nana S. & Z.(15),Tom Thumb, %- & 4. 
a Japanese Arborvite of small stature, is one of the most beautiful of 
this group, semi-hardy as far north as Massachusetts. 
Juniperus. Juniper or Red Cedar. This genus contains some thirty- 
five species, mostly small trees, of pyramidal and even columnar form, and 
rather stiff habit, and shrubs, hence useful in small places, the low forms 
for rocky slopes, covering of sand banks, planting of lanes, windbreaks, 
screens, etc. ‘They are less symmetrical than other conifers. They 
are,as a rule, adaptive tc soil conditions, from sand to lime, from swamp 
