Pines 239 
branches forming a compact growth of coarse character, with a round 
head. Its adaptability to limestone soils, to poorly drained ones and 
to seacoasts, especially of the species itself, is useful. It is specially 
suitable for backgrounds in masses and quite desirable for lawns. It 
thrives well in cities and sets off well against city architecture. 
A near relative of the Austrian pine from Calabria, P. brutia Tenor 
(59), in color between the two former, with longer, wavy tufts of leaves, 
offers additional ornamental value. 
Our own species have been much more rarely planted, although 
several of them are superior to the exotics; the best of the northern 
ones is— 
P. resinosa Ait. (60), Red or Norway Pine (does not grow in Nor- 
way!), with its long, rich foliage, a growth as rapid as the White orScotch 
Pine, and a more symmetrical habit and more sturdy form, although 
becoming open in later age; is adaptive to sandy and gravelly souls, as 
_well as to swampy conditions. Remarkably free from troubles. Good 
in massing with other species. 
P. dwaricata Dum. (Banksiana) (61), Jack or Gray Pine, is a small 
tree with slender, flexible, spreading branches (apple-tree-like), and 
light gray to bright green, short foliage. -It is the most northern pine, 
and adaptive to any soil. Of botanical interest rather than of high 
omamental value, yet graceful withal, and with a drooping habit, it 
is well adapted to planting in small places. Its cones remain mostly 
closed until fire opens them; it is the ‘fire pine” of the North. 
P. rigida Mill. (62), Northern Pitch Pine, has value for special 
purposes only, namely, on sterile, dry, and rocky sites, where it often 
assumes picturesque form; and for seaside planting, on sand dunes, 
etc. Its ability to sprout from the stump when cut or burnt has been 
made much of, but the sprouts do not grow into trees. 
P. pungens Michx. (63), Table Mouniain Pine, is a small tree rang- 
ing from the mountains of Pennsylvania to Georgia and Tennessee, 
with broad, spreading crown, and long, dark green foliage; picturesque 
rather than ornamental. The peculiarity of retaining its large closed 
cones on the branches for many years adds to its interest. It 1s adapted 
to-the same places as P. rigida, but for more southern range; the south- 
em ‘‘fire pine.” 
Of southern species there are several of ornamental merit. 
P. palustris Mill. (64), Longleaf Pine, a tall tree of slow growth, 
fit only for planting south of Washington. With its long (one foot in 
