282 Trees for Shade and Ornament 
adapted for skirting boundaries of evergreen groups, and for th2 interior 
of groves, but it needs rich soil and grows slowly. 
Of several varieties the red-flowering one (rubra) may have its place 
in grouping with the white-flowering; a pendulous one makes a good 
weeping form. 
C. alternifolia Linn. (193), Alternate Leaf Dogwood, is a smaller 
Fic 98 —Cockspur Thorn. Crataegus Crus-galli Linn. 
hardy native tree, or more often a shrub, with smaller yellowish-white 
flowers (June) in flat clusters, and black to blue berry-like fruit, with 
foliage dark green above and pale beneath, with a horizontal spread of 
bright shimy-green branchlets. 
For winter effects the purplish branches and silky down of the native 
C. amomum Mill. (194) (sericea), Kinntkinntk, a spreading shrub 
(five to ten feet) (bearing white flowers in clusters and blue berries), 
and the red branches of the red European C. sanguinea Linn. (195), or 
