Magnolia 289 
golden-yellow; a unique, tulip-shaped flower, yellowish green, tipped 
with orange (June); a cone-shaped, erect fruit, hanging on through the 
winter; a soft, finely fissured, gray bark, and, in older trees, up-curved 
branch tips. It is, then, an object of interest through all the year; 
without insect troubles and with hardly any fungus disease; without 
bad habits. Having a deep root system it requires care in transplant- 
ing, thriving best in strong, deep, well-drained, clay soil, but adaptive. 
It is very light-needing, and does not stand pruning well. For shade 
near the house, single on large lawns, or for stately avenues, it is most 
commendable, but is less favorable in streets. 
Of the true magnolias, most of the native ones are fit only for south- 
ern planting. 
Magnolia. M. fetida (L.) Sarg. (225) (grandiflora), Bull Bay, of the 
Southern States, half hardy as far north as Philadelphia; with deep 
green, leathery leaves, persisting through the winter, large, white, showy 
flowers, and large, showy, red fruit; it is the most handsome of the 
family. 
The other species of southern range are mainly of botanical interest, 
odd and tropical-looking, especially the very large-leaved (two feet), 
and large-flowered — 
M. macrophylla Michx. (226), and the Umbrella-iree, M. tripetala 
Linn. (227), found as far north as Pennsylvania and hardy even on Long 
Island. 
Of magnolias of more northern range, the small tree, often shrub- 
like — 
M. glauca Linn. (228), Swamp Magnolia, found native as far north 
as Massachusetts, is unexcelled for use in clusters, in wet places, and 
elsewhere on rich ground. Its glossy, small, thick, rubber-like foliage, 
in favorable situations hanging on until midwinter, its exquisite, cream- 
white, fragrant flowers, continuing to blossom from June to September, 
its deep red seeds in the green foliage, make it worthy of more atten- 
tion than is so far bestowed on it. 
M. acuminata Linn. (229), Cucumber-iree, the other northern mag- 
nolia, is half hardy to hardy as far northas Ottawa. A tall, stately tree, 
the most shapely of the magnolias, upright and regular, cone-like, 
artificial in its make-up, with large, luxuriant foliage crowded to the 
ends of the twigs, it is excellently adapted for the center of groups and 
as a background, or as a single tree on lawns, where its peculiarities 
are to be the attraction. 
