320 Trees for Shade and Ornament 
T. argentea, D. C. (338), the European Szlver Linden, with silvery 
under-side of leaves, is of highly ornamental value for color effect. 
T. dasystyla Stev. (338 bis) (euchlora), from the Crimea and other 
parts of Asia and Eastern Europe, is most distinctive, with tougn leath- 
ery leaves, dark glossy above, lighter green below, fit for planting along 
dusty roads, as it is not affected by the dust. It is hardy in Ottawa. 
There are several varieties, with red and yellow twigs and variously 
shaped leaves. 
OSAGE ORANGE 
Toxylon. TJ. pomiferum Raf. (339) (Afaclura aurantiaca), a small 
round-headed tree, of southeastern range, but acclimated all through the 
East, and hardy in New England, is, outside of its value for hedges, 
for which it is admirably adapted, mainly of botanical interest for its 
shiny, rather coarse, bight green leaves, its large, orange-shaped, yel- 
lowish-green fruit, ity yellow-tinted bark, and thorny tangle of branches. 
It might be used advantageously for a lawn tree on small plots, where, 
by proper pruning (annually heading it back), it may be trained into 
a gigantic, round bush of striking appearance. It is adaptive to various 
soils, a rapid grower, without insects or other troubles. 
ELMS 
Ulmus. A genus with eighteen species of world-wide, mostly north- 
erm distribution, and a large number of varieties or forms. Tall to 
medium-sized trees and shrubs, as a rule pleasing in outline and branch 
habit, with simple but luxuriant foliage of long leaf period, without 
striking autumn features (pale yellow). They are adaptive to various 
soils, but prefer rich, well-watered soils, even swamps; are moderately 
shade-enduring and readily transplanted. Aside from the fact that 
they are subject to many insect troubles, leaf destroyers, scale, borers, 
and fungi, they are otherwise among the best lawn trees and shade 
trees, but should always be given ample space to permit the develop 
ment of their characteristic form. 
U. Americana Linn. (340), White Elm, the finest in form, is the best 
known and most popular native species, especially when it develops its 
unique, vase-shaped, broad-topped, over-arching crown with gracefully 
drooping branchlets. It is, however, often very variable in form, but 
always vigorous and courtly in appearance, with wide-spreading crown 
