322 Choice of Plant Material 
with oblong or roundish outline, of vigorous giowth, with luxuriant, 
large, glossy foliage, adaptive to poorer soils, and free from insect 
troubles. Of the many nursery forms, the weeping variety, pendula 
(3452), Camperdown Elm, with a spreading habit, is one of the best to 
make arbors. 
U. parvifolia Jacq. (346), a small tree to shrub, from China, hardy 
to Massachusetts; with very attractive foliage, with small leaves, lus- 
trous above, hairy below, and somewhat leathery; with a very long leaf 
period; is one of the most attractive trees. 
A LIST OF SHRUBS 
Originally it had not been the intention of the author to 
extend the scope of this book beyond discussing the methods 
of taking care of trees after they are secured. 
It was the publisher who caused the addition of the preced- 
ing chapter and tree list, and, although the author pleaded 
comparative ignorance, he was still further inveigled into 
compiling the following brief enumeration of ornamental 
shrubs, with notes on their special uses and requirements. 
This list of over 200 shrubs covers the majority of species 
in cultivation, and reference to the best known hybrids. 
As we have seen, the distinction between trees and shrubs 
is not always hard and fast. While the single stem and 
branching crown are characteristic of a tree, a number of 
stems from a common root-stock are characteristic of a 
shrub. Some tree species may, however, be trained to as- 
sume the shrub habit, or this may take place naturally under 
certain climatic or soil conditions, and vice versa. For the 
landscape gardener, the general effect of the whole, rather 
than the species habit, is determinative. Hence in nursery- 
men’s catalogues, the low tree species which are apt to grow 
in bush-like form are classed as shrubs. 
As regards adaptation to climate, situation, and soil, shrubs 
as a rule prove hardier than trees on account of their low 
