List of Shrubs 325 
the Mullein or Dragon’s Head; or in broad and elongated 
heads, like the Sunflower and Crimson Clover; or in many- 
branched “umbel,” like the Carrot; or in loose ‘‘cymes,” 
like the Apple. 
Every shade of color that is wanted may be secured, thanks 
to the many varieties and hybrids produced by the horticultu- 
rists, who are also responsible for the so-called double flowers. 
In shape of flowers, several forms can be recognized of 
which the following may serve as types: flat like the Dog- 
wood; rose-like like the Rose and most of the fruit trees; 
bell-shape like the Huckleberry; tubular like the Honey- 
suckle; funnel-shape like the Syringa, and butterfly-shape 
like the Pea. 
In size, we have tiny blossoms which become effective only 
by being clustered; small, delicate ones, which by their pro- 
fusion are showy, and large, broad or long, more or less 
coarse ones, which in their singleness are decorative. 
In these points, as elsewhere, similarity is mostly desirable 
in selecting for groups, contrasts being difficult to devise so 
that they do not jar. 
In managing shrubs, not only for their form, but for their 
blossom, the pruning knife is most important. As we have 
seen under Zamarisk (p. 316), the annual flowering can be 
influenced by appropriate pruning practice, based on the 
recognition of the flowering habit. Yet care is necessary 
not to overdo the pruning and thereby destroy the character 
of the shrub; regular annual pruning of moderate extent 
must be the rule. It should also be understood that sun- 
light is inducive of flowering, while shade retards. 
It should be kept in mind that many shrubs, like the 
Spireas, daphnes, and other beautiful species, after a few 
years blooming, are more easily and severely killed back in 
severe winters, notwithstanding their entire hardiness (as 
