Olive Family 343 
diseases, and hardy, it combines all the qualities of an ornament of the 
first order. The two species are best used together on banks and as 
ground cover for early flower effect: 
* F. suspensa Vahl., especially var. Fortune: (73), with golden- 
yellow flowers and lustrous dark green and persistent foliage, is the 
best. Not hardy in Ottawa. 
* F, viridissima Lindl. (74), more frequently planted, is more erect, 
less graceful, and with flowers of greenish-yellow color, but foliage 
brighter green. It is said to be less hardy than the preceding. 
Ligustrum, Privel. Some thirty-five species of small trees and 
shrubs from Europe, Asia, and Australia, with numerous varieties, are 
valuable for their frugality and hardiness, as well as for their orna- 
mental features, especially in the foliage, some of them being ever- 
green. Some four or five species are planted, especially for hedges and 
screens, although they are apt to thin out at the base. They can be 
used for formal planting, like Box, and blend well with evergreens. 
They stand clipping well, and thrive in any soil. 
* LT. vulgare Linn. (75), the Common Privei from Europe, is well 
known as a hedge plant, although it also makes a good show in corners 
and borders with its well-rounded, compact form (six to ten or even fif- 
teen feet high), and upright panicles of small, white, fragrant, tubular 
flowers in profusion (June, July), followed by black berries. It is the 
hardiest and most adaptive of its tribe; half-evergreen. 
* TL. ovalifolium Hask. (76), called California Privet, although really 
from Japan, has a larger (two inches), thicker, more persistent (almost 
evergreen), glossier, but less dense half-evergreen foliage than the 
preceding, and is more rapid, vigorous, and compact in growth. It 
is hardy into New England, even in exposed (seaside) positions, is 
shade-enduring, but needs a good soil. It grows taller and more erect 
than the former (twenty feet), but is readily trimmed. It is useful for 
hedges, borders, screens, windbreaks, and for binding soil on banks. 
* TL. Amurense Carr. (77) (Ibota), also from Japan, deciduous, hardier 
than the preceding, and almost hardy in Manitoba; more slender, grace- 
ful, spreading, and curving, and smaller (six to ten feet), and with more 
fragrant flowers (midsummer), in drooping clusters, is perhaps the best 
of the genus, both for specimen and mass planting. 
The evergreen privets from Japan and China (L. Japonicum) (78), 
Quihout (79), Simense (80), not being hardy, are fit only for southern 
planting. 
