KEY TO SPECIES! 
I. NON-POROUS WOODS: CONIFERS: SOFTWOOD 
A. Resin ducts, present, both vertical and horizontal. | 
1. With distinct contrast in color between heart anc 
sapwood. 
a. Resin ducts visible to the naked eye, numerous 
often well distributed. Wood with charac. 
teristic but not always marked resinous odor. 
PINE 
a1. Little contrast between spring and summel 
wood; wood soft to medium; moderately 
resinous; ducts fairly conspicuous, ap- 
pearing as straw-colored or light-browr 
lines when block or section is cut with the 
grain. 
WHITE PINE—Pinus strobus 
a2. Decided contrast between spring and summel 
wood; latter quite dense. Wood hard 
strong and resinous. Color whitish tc 
reddish brown. 
YELLOW PINES—Pinus palustris 
Pinus echinata 
Pinus taeda 
(Hard to distinguish between these three yellow pines. Longleai 
pine, pinus palustris, likely to have heaviest wood and 
narrowest rings. Other two are lighter and yellower in color. 
b1. Wood light, rather soft, fairly strong, not 
highly resinous, growth rings wide and 
uniform, color light red. 
RED PINE—Pinus resinosa 
1 Adapted from Toumey, Record and the Structure of the 
Common Woods of New York by R. P. Prichard, The New York 
State College of Forestry at Syracuse. 
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