284. THE BOOK OF FORESTRY 
2. Without clear demarkation in color between heart- 
wood and sapwood. 
a. Heartwood little, if any, darker than sapwood. 
al. Wood harsh and splintery, often knotty and 
cup shaken, rather close grained. Notice- 
able contrast between spring and summer 
wood. Color light brown with slight 
reddish tinge. Disagreeable odor when 
wet. 
HEMLOCK—Tsuga canadensis 
a2. Wood light, soft, weak, growth rings often 
very wide. Color white or straw-color, 
occasionally pale brown in old trees. 
BALSAM FIR—Abdtes balsamea 
b. Heartwood more deeply colored than sapwood, 
fading gradually outward. 
b1. Color widely variable, wood variable as to 
hardness, often ‘‘pecky.” + Smooth sur- 
face of sound wood looks and feels greasy. 
Rays numerous, rather prominent. 
BALD CYPRESS—Tazodium distichum 
62. Mild resinous odor, but tasteless. Wood light 
and soft, color pale brown or reddish; 
intermingling of lighter and darker shades. 
WHITE CEDAR—Thuwja occidentalis 
1Pecky means full of small holes caused by fungus disease. 
