126 The Drainage of Fens and Low Lands, 



and dip of tliis wheel in ordinary floods are about 8 feet 6 inches, 

 the relative proportions of each varying as the water lowers in the 

 inlet or rises in the outlet drain. As an average the dip may be 

 taken at 4 ittl 6 inches and the head at 4 feet. With the wheel 

 making five revolutions a minute, and allowing 20 per cent, for slip 

 of water and leakage, — and this deduction is borne out by the 

 quantity of water flowing down the engine drain, — the discharge is 

 equal to 4305 cubic feet — 120 tons — a minute. The quantity of 

 coal consumed for this discharge, with 4 feet head, is about two 

 tons in twelve hours, equal to 11*440 lb. per horse-power per hour 

 of water lifted. By the side of the engine-house stands one of the 

 old windmills which is still used to drive a scoop wheel 20 feet in 

 diameter and 2 feet wide, and which when there is sufficient wind 

 assists in raising the water from the district. When both steam and 

 wind engines are at work, the quantity as given above is about equal 

 to the discharge of a continuous fall of \ inch of rain in twenty-four 

 hours over the area of 9000 acres, of which the district is comprised. 

 Glassmoor. — This is a district also in the Middle Level, con- 

 sisting of about 6000 acres of Fenland. It discharges its water into 

 one of the main drains of the Middle Level system about twenty- 

 seven miles from the outfall sluice in the Ouse. The average lift is 

 about 5 feet, rising occasionally in floods to as much as 8 feet. The 

 machinery consists of a pair of 15 nominal horse-power high-pressure 

 condensing vertical engines j the crank shaft is carried on cast-iron 

 A frames, the fly-wheel working inside these and toothed into a hori- 

 zontal bevel wheel attached to the vertical shaft of the pump, which 

 is placed in a well immediately under the engines. The steam 

 cylinder, condenser, and pump, are outside the frame, the latter 

 being worked by a rocking beam, one end of which is connected 

 with the piston-rod, and the other to the floor. Steam is supplied 

 by two Cornish boilers, the working steam pressure being 40 lb., the 

 engines making forty-seven revolutions a minute, and the pump at 

 this speed 116. The culvert for connecting the pump-drain with 

 the river passes under the engine-house, the pump well being in the 

 centre. The pump has a 4-feet fan, i foot i^ inch deep. The engine 

 and boilers are contained in a well-designed building of white 

 bricks with red arches and dressings, which present a very pleasing 

 appearance; the chimney is about 70 feet high. This machinery 

 was erected about twenty-four years ago by Messrs. Easton and Amos, 

 and has stood and worked during that time without any material 



