Pumping Stations, 129 



outfall sluices to act On this occasion the machinery was running 

 for 197 consecutive hours, stopping only for oiling now and then. 

 It was kept at work throughout the extraordinary tide mentioned 

 above. The scoop wheels in the neighbouring lands were at the same 

 time so completely drowned out that they could not be used for many 

 days after — the result being serious and long-continued inundations, 



Redbourne, Lincolnshire. — This is another example of an in- 

 stallation for the drainage of a small area of land, where it was con- 

 sidered desirable to avoid the cost of foundations, and that the first 

 outlay should be as small as practicable. The area drained consists 

 of 800 acres of car land adjoining the river Aucholme in North 

 Lincolnshire. The surface of the land is below the level of floods in 

 the river, and there is very great leakage through the banks. It was 

 estimated that the rainfall and leakage together would require that the 

 quantity of water to be pumped would be equal to an amount due to a 

 continuous rainfall of half an inch in twenty-four hours, or 2 1 • 10 tons 

 per minute, and that this would have to be lifted an average of 7 feet 

 high, equal to 10 horse-power in water lifted. 



The installation consisted of one of Hetf s side-opening centrifugal 

 pumps, having an 18-inch inlet, driven by a belt from a 14 nominal 

 horse-power semi-portable double-cylinder engine, placed in a brick 

 and tiled shed built on the adjacent bank. A cast-iron outlet, 18 inches 

 in diameter, was carried through the bank to the river, the outlet 

 being placed below the lowest point to which the water was likely to 

 fall. The pump is primed by a steam-jet exhauster, and the feed-tank 

 was also fitted with a jet-pump. The total cost was as follows : — 

 Engine and pump, 641/. ; brick and tiled shed and other work, 

 211/.; together, 852/.; equal to 85*20/* per horse-power in water 

 lifted. 



The machinery was supplied and erected by Mr. Charles L. Hett, 

 of Brigg, for the Duke of St. Albans, the owner of the land, under 

 the direction of the author. 



Level of Hatfield Chace, between Doncaster and Goole. — 

 This district, which lies on the borders of Lincolnshire and York- 

 shire, and comprises a tract of low-lying land of about 18,000 acres, 

 very similar in quality to the Fens of Lincolnshire and Cambridge- 

 shire, has undergone very considerable improvement, both in natural 

 and artificial drainage, during the present century. The original 

 system of natural drainage was estabHshed by Vermuyden above two 

 hundred years ago, the main features of which were the cutting of 



