10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



sweat houses or menstrual huts. There were some 30 midden or roast- 

 ing pits associated with the house remains. One dog burial was found 

 but no human remains. Underlying the Weeden Island material was 

 a nonceramic level characterized by stone artifacts in which projectile 

 points were the predominant form. The latter differ from previously 

 known types from preceramic levels in the area and may indicate a 

 separate culture. A slightly different variant of Weeden Island cul- 

 ture was found at the Lusk Springs site (9Dr21), which was thor- 

 oughly tested but not completely excavated. 



The second site was on the south bank of the Flint River 21/2 nailes 

 east of Hutchinson's Ferry Landing. An extensive deposit of shells 

 located there had been recorded as a single site (9Dr29) but actually 

 proved to be two (designated A and B) . Unit A was found to contain 

 a straight Weeden Island II component, while Unit B represented a 

 Weeden Island I component with an underlying deposit of Santa 

 Rosa-Swift Creek materials. About 150 yards east of 9Dr29 early 

 spring floodwaters in the Flint River exposed another small site 

 {9Dr37) . The deposits at that location were widely scattered and had 

 very little depth. From various eroded pits and subsequent test dig- 

 ging, however, a series of Deptford, Swift Creek, and Weeden Island 

 I potsherds were recovered, which makes possible the placing of the site 

 in the cultural sequence for the area. During the course of his surveys 

 Mr. Miller joined in the search for the historically significant location 

 of Apalachicola Fort or Cherokeeleechee's Fort at the junction of the 

 Qiattahoochee and Flint Rivers. That town was established in 1716 

 by the Apalachicola when, as a result of the Yamasee war, they moved 

 back from the Savannah River in South Carolina to the territory they 

 had formerly occupied in southern Georgia. Their chief at that time 

 was named Cherokeeleechee or "Cherokee Killer," and his town fre- 

 quently goes by the same designation. Not many years later the group 

 withdrew to a new location farther up the Chattahoochee. Mr. Miller 

 tested one site tentatively identified as that of the fort but did not find 

 evidence to support such a possibility. 



During the period that Mr. Miller was working in the Jim Woodruff 

 area Joseph R. Caldwell, archeologist of the National Park Service, 

 was digging at a productive site on the Chattahoochee River known as 

 Fairchild's Landing. Considerable new material was found there in 

 a series of stratified shell deposits. Several phases of the Weeden 

 Island culture are represented, and at one end of the site were some 

 early historic remains. Caldwell's data and those of Miller should 

 serve as cross checks and definitely establish all Weeden Island charac- 

 teristics for the area. In the region adjacent to Fairchild's Landing 

 Mr. Caldwell observed evidence of a possible historic Indian site which 

 may represent one of the several "Fowl Towns" mentioned in various 

 documents. Mr. Caldwell also took part in the search for Apalachi- 



