26 MENISPEBMACEM. [Tiuospoba. 



remarkable for their bitter and narcotic properties,, and many of them 

 are valued medicinally. 



Carpels 3 or more- 

 Seed ovoid or reniform. 

 Style-scar subterminal; pet. 6 ; stam. distinct . 1. Tinospoea. 

 Sfcyle-sear lateral or subbasil ; pet. ; stam. 

 1-adelphous . . ^ . . . . 2. Anamieta. 

 Seed horseshoe-shaped or hooked. 

 Styles subulate. 

 Dry fruit not tubercled ; albumen ruminate . 3. Tiliacora. 

 Dry fruit tubercled ; albumen not ruminate . 4. CoccuLUS. 



Styles forked 5. PEEicAMPTLir&, 



Carpels solitary. 

 Sep. of male fl. 6 ; pet. distinct . . . .6. Stephania. 

 Sep. of male fl. 4; pet. connate . . . .7. Cissampelos. 



1. TINOSPORA, Miers ; Fl. Br. Ind. i. 96. 



Climbing shrubs. Floicers in axillary or terminal racemes or 

 panicles. Sepals 6, 2-seriate ; inner larger, membranous. Petals 

 6, smaller. Male fl.: Stam. 6 ; filaments free, tips thickened ; 

 anjfAer-cells obliquely adnata. Fem. fl. Staminodes 6, clavate. 

 Ovaries 3; stigmas forked. Drujpes 1-3 ; stjle-scar subterminal ; 

 endocarp rugose. Seed grooved ventrally, or curved round the 

 intruded and 2-lobed endocarp ; albumen ventrally ruminate. 



T. cordifolia, Miers in Ann. Sf Mag. Nat. Bist. Ser. II, vii (1S51) 

 38 ; Ek. f. 4- T. Fl. Ind. 184 ; D. 4* O. Bomb. Fl. 5 ; F. B. I. i, 91 ; 

 Brand. For. Fl. 8 ; Watt E. D. Menispermum cordifolium, Willd. : 

 Boxh. F\. Ind. Hi, 811. Cocculus cordifolius, DC. ; W. S^- A. Prod. 12 ; 

 Boyle III. 61. Vern. Gulel, guloh, gulancha. 



A glabrous climbing succulent shrub with rough corky bark. Leaves 

 petioled, 2-4 in. in diam., cordate, acute or acuminate, glabrous. 

 Flowers small, yellow. Male fl. in fascicles. Sepals oval. Petals 

 ^ the length of the sepals, wedge-shaped ^nt/ier-cells immersed in 



- the fleshy summit of the filament Fem. fl. usually solitary. Sepals 

 and petals as in the male. Ovaries on a flesby receptacle ; style very 

 short. Kipe carpels pisiform, red. 



Dehra Dun, Oudh, Merwara, Bundelkhnnd, common in hedgos. 

 DiSTBiB. : throughout Trop. India, also in Burma and Ceylon. Flowers- 

 in the hot and rainy seasons. The roots and stems (gxilancha) are 

 much used medicinally. Long filiform aerial roots are frequently 

 developed from the branches. 



