SYNOPSIS OF TBE NATURAL ORDERS. 16 c 



* * _pi. solitary or hinate, sunh in the sides or surface of small or minute 

 floating lenticular or globose fronds. 



CXVIII. Lemnace-s;. Floivers moncBcious, few, most minute, in fissures 

 of the frond, naked or in a sheath. Perianth 0. Male-fl.:— Staw. 1 or 

 2, anth. 1-or 2-celled. ^em.-'fi,.:— Ovary 1-celled, style short, stigma 

 truncate or funnel-shaped ; ovules 1 or more. Fruit a membranous utricle. 

 Seeds ribbed, endosp. 0, embryo cylindric. — Small or minute, gregarious, 

 /floating, scale-like, green plants. 



Sub-division 6. Apocarpous. Perianth 1-2-senate or 0, 

 'Ovary super., of 3 or more distinct 1-or more-ovuled carpels. 

 Endosp. 0. 



CXIX. Alismace^, Floivers 1-or 2-sexual. Perianth infer., 6-part., 

 in 2 series. 8e%>. 3, herbaceous, persist. Pet. 3, involute in bud, decid. 

 8tam. 6-9 or more, hypog. or perig. Ovary of few or many distinct carp.; 

 ovules 1 (or many in Butomopsis). Fruit of small achenes or follicles. F71- 

 dosp. 0, embryo hooked.— Annual or perennial marsh or aquatic plants. 

 Leaves radical, entire. Fl. whorled or umbelled. 



CXX. Naiadacb^. Fl. 1-or 2-sexual, often inconspicuous, naked or 

 in a sheath. Perianth infer., tubular or of 1 or more segments, or 0. Stam. 

 1-4, or 6, hypog.; anth. 1-2-celled. Ovary of 1-4 one-ovuled free carp. 

 Fruit apocarp. Endosp. 0. Embryo macropodous.— Aquatic herbs. 



Division ii. Glumiferse. Flotoers in the imbricating bracts of 

 heads or spikelets, 1-or 2-sexual. Perianth 0, or of minute scales 

 or bristles, rarely with sheathing bracteoles (2-seriate in Eriocau- 

 lonece). Ovary super., l-celled and 1-ovuled, or in Eriocaulonece, 

 of three 1-ovuled cells. Endosp. copious. 



CXXI, EBiocAULONEiE3. Flowers minute, in involucrate heads, 1-sexual 

 Perianth usually of 6 membranous sep. in 2 series. Stam, 6 or fewer 

 Ovary super., 3-lobed, 3-celled. Fruit a membranous loculicidally 3-valved 

 capsule.— Scapigerous herbs with narrow leaves. 



CXXII. Cyperace.s;. Floivers in spikelets of imbr. bracts (glumes). 

 1-or 2-sexual. Per. 0, or of hypog.-scales or bristles. 8tam. 1-3, anth. basi- 

 fixtd. Ovary super, (included in an utricle in Carex), style 1, stigmas 2-3 

 ovnle erect. Fruit indeh. Embryo in base of copious endosp.— Grass-like 

 herbs with terete or 3-angled stems. Leaves narrow, sheaths entire. 



CXXIII. GRA.M1-N-EM.— Flowers in spikelets of imbr. bracts (gliiines) 

 1-or 2-sexual. Per. of 2 or more minute hypog,-scales (lodicules), or 'if. 

 Stam. 3, rarely 1, 2 or more, anth. versatile. Ovat-y super.; styles 2, rarely 

 1, distinct or united below, stigmas pennicillate or feathery, ovule erect. 

 Fruit indeh. Seed usually adherent to the membranous or coriaceous 

 pericarp; embryo towards the base and side of copious endosp. - Grasses, 

 mostly herbs (shruby or arboreous in Bambusece). Stem terete or compresg- 

 ed. Leaves usually narrow ; sheath split to the base, distinct from the 

 blade and with a membrane or ridge of hairs (ligule) at the junction. 



