SY^'0P61S OF XKE NATURAL ORDERS. 15 



XCVL El^agnaceje (Elasagnus). Flotcers 2-rarely 1-sexual. Perianth 

 infer., covered with silvery scales, tube narrow ; limb globose, of 4 trian- 

 gular valvate segments. Stam. 4, on mouth of perianth. Ovule basal, 

 erect, style long, stigma lateral. Fruit indeh., inclosed in the thickened 

 base of perianth-tube. Cotyl. thick, endosp. 0. Lepidote shrubs, with 

 altern. entire exstip. leaves. Fl. axillary. 



5. Ovary infer., 1-4'OVuled ; ovules without apparent coats. Seeds adnate 

 to ifolls o pericarp. 



XOVIL JjOnASTakCEM.—Floicers l-or 2-sexual. Cal. super., limb 

 "truncate or 0. Pet. 3-5, usually long, distinct or connate, valvate. Stam. 

 3-5, opp. and attached to pet. Ovary 1-celled ; ovule 1, erect, adnate to 

 wall of ovary. Fruit a 1-seeded berry. Seed adnate to pericarp ; embryo 

 straight in fleshy endosp.— Tree parasites, often with articulate branches. 

 Leaves opp. or altern. or ; stipules 0. 



XCVIII. Santalace^ (Osyris). Ploioers small, polygam. Cal. super.; 

 segments of limb 3-4, with a tuft of hairs on the face, valvate. Stam. 3. 

 opp. perianth segments. Ovary 1-celled ; ovules 2 or 3, on a free central 

 placenta, pendulous. Fruit indeh. Embryo axile in copious endosp.— 

 shrubs with altern . entire exstip. leaves. Fl. axillary. 



6. Fl. 1-rarely 2''Sexual Ovary of 1 carp, or syncarpous ; cells l'2-ovuh:d, 

 ovules, if 2 collateral, styles as many as the carpels. 



XGIX. EopHORBiACE^. Perianth infer., single, rarely double or 0. 

 Dish often present. Stam. 1, or more. Ovary 2-3-celled, cells 1-2-ovuled, 

 ovules pendulous. Fruit of 2-3 loculicidal cocci, or a drupe or berry. 

 Endosp. fleshy. —Herbs, shrubs or trees, often with milky juice. Leaves 

 altern., simple, rarely opp. or compound, usually stip. 



C. TJrtica.ce^. Perianth inier., lobed or part. Stam. as many as and 

 opp. perianth segments or fewer, fil. erect cr incurved in bud. Ovary 1-2- 

 celled, cells 1-ovuled ; style simple or bifid, or stigma sessile. Fruit a sa- 

 mara, drupe or achene, or a syncarp of confluent pericarps and perianths. 

 Seed erect or pendulous, endosp. scanty or 0.— Herbs, shrubs or trees , often 

 with milky juice. Leaves often oblique, rarely opp. or compound, stipu- 

 late. Inflor. various ; fl.. small or minute, often sunk in a fleshy disk or 

 inclosed in a fleshy receptacle. Male-fl. of Morus in catkins. 



7. Flowers monoecious ; male-fi. in pendulous catlcins ; fem.-Ji. solitary, or 

 in short erect clusters. Ovary infer. 



CI. JuGLANDACE^ (Engelhardtia). Male-fl. -.—Perianth of 3-6 scales, 

 adnate to a 3-lobed stipitate bract. Stam. 4-12, on the perianth. Fem.- 

 fi. solitary and sessile on a 3-lobed bract, stigmas 2. Fruit a small globose 

 nut, endocarp 2-valved.— Trees or shrubs, with altern. pinnate exstip. 

 leaves. 



CII. CupuLiFEB^ (Quercus).- ITale-^. on pendulous catkins. 

 Perianth campan., 4-6-lobed. Stam. 3-niany. Fem.-fl. on short erect 

 spikes, each fl. inclosed within an involucre of bracts. Perianth tubular 

 adnate to ovary. Ovary 3 -or 4-5- celled, with 2 ovules in each cell, styles 

 3-5. Fruit a 1-celled nut seated in a cup formed of the hardened imbr. 

 bracts.— Trees with altern. coriaceous leaves, stip. early deciduous. 



