342 MYRTACE^. [Eugenia, 



Leaves coriaceous, tough; lateral nerves 

 ' very close . • • • . . 2. E. Jamholana. 



Leaves narrowly lanceolate, closely nerved . 3. E. Heyneana. 



1. E. operculata. Boxh. Hort. Beng. 87 ; Fl. Ind. ii, 486 ; Brandis. For, 

 El. 284 ; F. B. 1. ii, 498 ; Wati E. B. B. cerasoides, Boxh. ; Fl. Ind. ii, 488.— 

 Vern. Pidman, 7'ai-jdman, thidi (Dehra Dun), 



A moderate-sized tree with rough pale-brown or greyish Lark. Beaves 

 4-6 in. long, ovate-ohlong to elliptic, bluntly acuminate, cuneate towards 

 the base, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, pale below and mimately dotted, 

 turning red before falling ; lateral nerves 8-12 pairs, prominent beneath, 

 becoming indistinct towards the intramarginal nerve. Flowers 4-merous, 

 small, greenish, subsessile, in 3-flowered cymes arranged in spreading 

 lax 3-chotomous lateral panicles below the current year's leaves, 

 branches ^-angular. Calyx campanulate ; limb truncate or with very 

 short obtuse lobes. Petals calyptrate, orbicular, concave. Fruit a 

 globose or ovoid dark-purple 1-seeded berry. 



Forests of Dehra Dun and the Siwalik range, Eohilkhand, IST. Oudh and 

 Gorakhpur. Disteib. Along the base of the Himalaya to Assam,. 

 Bengal, Burma and W. India to Ceylon ; also in the Malay Peninsula 

 and Islands, S. China and Yunan. Flowers April and May, and the 

 •fruit ripens in June and July. The fruit and leaves are used medicin- 

 ally and the fruit is eaten as food. The wood is used in building and 

 for agricultural implements. 



2. E. Jambolana, Bamk. Encycl. Hi, 198 ; Boxh. Fl. Ind. ii, 484 ; Brand 

 For. Fl. 288, t. XXX ;F.B. I. ii, 499 ; Watt E. D. Syzygium Jambolanum, 

 BCf W.^ A. Prod. 329; B. Sf G. Bomb. Fl. 95.— Vern. Jdman (Black 

 -Pltim). 



A medium-sized tree with smooth grey bark. Branches terete, pale when 

 dry. Leaves 2^-4 in. long, rotund-ovate to oblong-ovate, bluntly acumi- 

 nate subacute or obtuse, slightly narrowed at the base, firmly coriaceous, 

 paler beneath, both surfaces turning brown when dry; lateral nerves 

 many, close ; midrib and intramarginal nerve prominent beneath ; petiole 

 1-1 in. long. Panicles lateral, on the previous year's wood, rarely termi- 

 nal, much divaricately branched, longer than the leaves. Flowers many, 

 sessile, f in. across, white. Calyx campanulate, suddenly contracted into 

 a stout pseudo- stalk ; limb at first, 4-lobed, afterwards truncate. Petals 

 4, orbicular, calyptrate. Fruit oblong or ovoid-oblong, sometimes as 

 large as an olive, dark -purple, juicy, 1-seeded. 



Common throughout the area, especially in moist localities, but often 

 associated with sal (Shorea robusta). Disteib. Throughout India, 

 except in the desert tracts. It flowers in March and April and the fruit 

 ripens in June and July. The new leaves, which appear in March, are of 

 a bright copper colour. The tree is extensively cultivated for its fruit, 

 which is largely eaten by natives either raw or pickled. It is astringent 

 and rather acid. "Various parts of the tree are medicinal, and the bark iS' 

 used in dyeing and tanning, the wood is durable, and as it resists the 

 action of water it is used very often in the construction of wells. The 

 tree is considered sacred by Hindus. 



