464 COMPOSITE. [Iwuia. 



the outer ores gradually shorter. Ligules few, short or ol^solete. 

 Achenes ^\ in., silky. Pajpjj'us ^ in., grey, hairs thickened at the 

 ends. 

 Dehra Dnn and Siwalik range, in sal forests. Flowers in Sept. and 

 Oct. DisTEiB. Temp. Himalaya from Simla to Bhutan, ascend- 

 ing to 10,000 ft. in Kumaon ; also on the Khasia Hills, and in 

 Upper Burma, China, and Malaya. 



2. I. rut)ricaulis, Clarke Comp. Ind. 126 ; F. B. I, Hi, 296, 



A shrub up to 6 ft. high, with long flexuous glabrous reddish branches. 

 Leaves sessile, 1-4 in. long, elliptic- lanceolate, ecumiDate, senate, 

 membranous, pilose when young, becoming quite glabrous ; nerves 

 almost parallel with the margins. Corymbs less than i the length 

 of the leaves, sometimes racemed towards the ends of the branches. 

 Heads | in. in diam., 3-5 together in very short axillary corymbs ; 

 the peduncles and pedicels slender, pilose. Invol-hrach straight^ 

 subulate-lanceolate, acuminate or aristate, green or purplish, pilose 

 or hispid outside. Bay-florets in one series, yellow, with long 

 conspicuous Jigules. Achenes | in., slender, clothed with appressed 

 silky hairs. Pappus 5 in., white, the hairs not thickened at the tips. 



Near the Eobber's Cave, Dehra Dun (Gamble). Distrib. Himalaya 

 from Kumaon to Sikkim, ascending to 6,000 ft. 



3. I. indica, Linn. 8p. PI. ed. II, 1236. Vicoa auriculata, Cass^ ; 

 F. B. I. Hi, 297 ; Collett Fl. 8iml. 260. V. indica, DC. ; Boyle III. 248. 

 Doronicum calcaratum, Uoxh. Fl. Ind. Hi, 434. 



A slender rather rigid roughly pubescent often viscid herb. 8tem 1-3 

 ft. high, the upper portion with many spreading branches. Leaves 

 sessile, usually 1-2 in., long, but often much longer, lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate from a broad auricled base, acuminate, entire cr 

 serrulate, often scabrid on both surfaces ; basal auricles rounded 

 or hastate, sometimes laciniate. Heads 4-| in. in diam, on long 

 slender spreading peduncles , Invol-bracts slender, scarcely recurved. 

 Floivers orange-yellow ; ligules revolute, as long as the involucre. 

 Achenes -^-q in., pale, terete, sparsely hairy. Pappus of ray-flowers 

 ; of the disk few, slender, free at the base. 



Common in most parts of the area . Distrib. Up to 4,000 ft. on the 

 Western Himalaya and throughout the drier parts of India from the 

 Punjab to S. India and Ceylon ; found also in Burma but not in 

 Malaya. 



4. I. vestita. Wall. Cat. 2962. Vicoa vestita, Benth ; F. B. I, iii.297 ; 



Collett Fl. 8imh 260. 



A softly hairy or woolly herb, 10-18 in. high. Leaves 1-2 in. long, oblongs 

 or linear-oblong from a broadly auricled base, obtuse or subacute, 

 serrate, thin. Invol-bracts squarrose ; the tips filiform, recurved. 

 Heads bright-yellowj f-l in. across ; ligules long, narrow, spreading. 

 Achenes subsilky. 



